chapter 2

Question 1

what do the dendrites of a neuron do?

Answer 1

receive chemical signals from other neurons

Question 2

what is an action potential?

Answer 2

electrical signal that travels down the axon

Question 3

why does an action potential travel faster down axons with myelin sheath?

Answer 3

myelin sheath insulates the axon

Question 4

what happens when the electrical charge of a neuron reaches the terminal buttons?

Answer 4

becomes full of vesicles then burst and spews chemicals into the spaces between neurons

Question 5

what is inside the vesicles of a neuron?

Answer 5

sacs of chemicals

Question 6

what happens during the process of reuptake?

Answer 6

excess chemicals get sucked back up and repackaged

Question 7

what happens when someone has too much Ach in brain, like when someone gets bit by black widow?

Answer 7

violent muscle contractions

Question 8

how does curare a poison in south america on the tips of darts work in brain?

Answer 8

causes paralysis

Question 9

people w Alzheimer’s take Aricept which replenishes their brains level of _____ which is involved in memory

Answer 9

Ach

Question 10

whats the “wiggin out” neurotransmitter?

Answer 10

dopamine

Question 11

how are Parkinson’s and schizophrenia related?

Answer 11

schizo- too much dopamine
Parkinson’s- too little dopamine

Question 12

people w depression dont have enough ____

Answer 12

serotonin

Question 13

what connects CNS to bodys sense receptors, muscles, and glands?

Answer 13

brain and spinal cord

Question 14

what kinds of neurons carry messages from the body inward to CNS? and outward?

Answer 14

inward- sensory neurons
outward- motor neurons

Question 15

what does somatic ns control?

Answer 15

skeletal muscles

Question 16

what does autonomic ns control?

Answer 16

glands and muscles of internal organs

Question 17

what is difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic ns?

Answer 17

symp- arouses you for action
para- calms you down

Question 18

whats the brains oldest region?

Answer 18

brainstem

Question 19

what are medulas primary functions?

Answer 19

heartbeat and breathing

Question 20

what is the thalamus primary function?

Answer 20

receives info from all senses and sends it to higher brain parts

Question 21

_____ is the butt of the brain, responsible for coordinated movement, balance, procedural learning

Answer 21

cerebellum

Question 22

name 3 parts of limbic system

Answer 22

hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus

Question 23

primary function of hippocampus

Answer 23

storage of memories “loading dock”

Question 24

primary function of amygdala

Answer 24

emotions, esp anger

Question 25

primary function of hypothalamus

Answer 25

regulate physical needs

Question 26

2 hemispheres of brain and joined by a large band od neural fibers called

Answer 26

corups callosum

Question 27

in split brain pateints what has been cut

Answer 27

corpus callosum

Question 28

2 specialties of left hemisphere

Answer 28

speech, grammer

Question 29

2 specialties of right hemisphere

Answer 29

recognizing emotions, appreciating art

Question 30

4 lobes of brain

Answer 30

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

Question 31

______ lobe is primary responsible for sensory info, such as touch. the ____ lobe is for vision

Answer 31

parietal occipital

Question 32

______ lobe is for planning and personality. _______ is for hearing and language processing

Answer 32

frontal temporal

Question 33

_________ sustained damage to his frontal lobe and was never the same person

Answer 33

phinneas gage

Question 34

each cell nucleus in your body contains _____ chromosomes

Answer 34

46

Question 35

each chromosome is a composed coiled chain of ___ and the links are called ____

Answer 35

dna genes

Question 36

most of our traits are influenced by ______ ______

Answer 36

gene complexes

Question 37

who conducted 1st twin study in 1979?

Answer 37

bouchard

Question 38

how to conduct twin study to examine the effects of genes on traits?

Answer 38

compare id twins seperated at birth

Question 39

how to conduct adoption study to exam effects of genes on traits?

Answer 39

compare child to both sets of parents to see which they are most like

Question 40

adoptio studies show which set of parents to effect personality? manners and values?

Answer 40

personality- bio manners- adopted

Question 41

process through which traits that increase reproduction and survival get passed down

Answer 41

natural selection

Question 42

nature selects the animals that make them ____ in their environment

Answer 42

stronger

Question 43

species change due to _____ in each generation

Answer 43

mutations

Question 44

how could our love for fatty foods be explained?

Answer 44

ancestors needed to store fat

Question 45

how could common fears be explained evolutionary?

Answer 45

dangerous so it helped our ancestors live

Question 46

how could male sex drive be explained evo.?

Answer 46

make more babies and men dont have to take care of it

Question 47

what do men and women find attractive?

Answer 47

men- long hair=healthier for baby making women- muscles= protection