chapter 1 Flashcards
what is the definition of psych?
scientific study of behavior and mental processes
3 philosophers who impacted beginnings of psych
Aristotle, Descartes, locke
how did Descartes contribute?
believed that the mind is separate from the body so we can study it separately
how did locke contribute?
he said the environment shapes us and we acquire knowledge through association
how did gall contribute?
phrenology in the study of bumps on the head to learn about traits
how did darwin contribute?
- humans are a species of animal and can be studied that way
2.behaviors can have survival functions
how did wundt contribute?
1st psych experiment, 1st psych lab and grad program
what technique did wundt use to examine the elements of conscious experience?
introspection
how did james contribute?
defined psych as “the science of the mind”, published 1st psych book, 1st female PHD
who was the 1st female phd student in psych?
mary calkins
how did behaviorsist define psych
focuses on observing and analysing how conttrolled environmental chnges affect behavior
what is the focus of Freuds psychodynamic approach?
unconcious mind
what is a core belief of the humanist approach to psych?
we live in a world that tells is we cant do certain things
focus their work on brain and nervous system in understanding who we are
neuroscience perspective
focus work on discovering survival functions of behaviors and how natural selection has influenced us
evolutionary perspective
focus work on how unconscious urges and conflicts influence us
psychodynamic perspective
focus work on how hereditary and experience influence who we become
behavior-genetics perspective
focus on scientific study of behavior and how behavior is shaped by environment
behavioral perspective
focus on how we think (memory)
cognitive perspective
focus on social and cultural influences on thoughts and behaviors
social-culture perspective
believe that it is important not only to study how we think but also what makes us happy
positive psych perspective
why should we scientifically explore psych?
common sense can be wrong, hindsight bias gives the tendency to believe “you knew it all along”
what is a case study?
in-depth studies on one individual or group
diane fossey and jane Goodall techniques
observing and recording subjects behavior in their natural environment
