Chapter 2

Question 1

Could/Able to

Answer 1

• could is always used for stative verbs such as hear, see etc.
• could = general
• able to = specific

Question 2

نکته درباره
can
و حال کامل

Answer 2

فعل
can
حال کامل ندارد و فقط از
able to
استفاده میشود
i haven’t been able to sleep for two months.

Question 3

might/may

Answer 3

both are the same but might has less possibility.

!- We only use might if we have second conditional sentence:
if you asked her out, she might accept it.
اگر ازش درخواست میکردی شاید قبول میکرد

شاید در گذشته انجام شده باشد = may/might have

!!!- میخواست انجام بشه ولی نشد
Only might have.
he might have been stolen you bad guy.

Question 4

can, could, may, will, would

Answer 4

• درخواست انجام کاری
• تقاضای چیزی را کردن فقط با
  could/may/can
  may i have your book?
  اجازه گرفتن از همین بالایی ها
  اجازه دادن = can, may
  you can/may smoke if you want to.
• suggesting and stuff = may, can
  may i help you ma’am?
• دعوت کردن = would
  would you like to go to the party?

Question 5

Have to & must

Answer 5

1. Must is for future and present, while Have to doesn’t have a specific time and we can use it regardless of time.
2. Must not : نباید این کارو کنی
3. Have not: لازم نیست این کارو کنی
   Have to provide an outside must.
4. have got to = have to
   i’ve got to work tomorrow = i have to work tomorrow
5. have got = have

Must = استنباط منطقی وقوع عملی در حال

Question 6

Should / Ought to

Answer 6

انتظار داریم در آینده عملی انجام شود
he is been exercising for ages. he should/ought to have a good physic.

ought to, ought not to

Question 7

Used to Vs Would

Answer 7

Used to
وضعیت ها و حالاتی که در گذشته وجود داشت و دیگر وجود ندارد هم میتواند دلالت داشته باشد
Would
این قابلیت را ندارد
یوزد تو تمام قابلیت های ود را دارد

Question 8

Dare

Answer 8

خود فعل باشد:
They Dared him not move
Without to
با کمک فعل های کمکی باشد:
He didn’t dare to move.
With To

Daren’t is for everyone.

Question 9

Supposed to

Answer 9

باید یا مورد انتظار است کاری انجام شود

Question 10

Some Notes About Question Tags

Answer 10

1. If it starts with there it must end with there.
   There isn’t any good game, is there?
2. starts with this/that or these/those = it and they
3. something, anything, nothing = it……nobody,everybody etc. = they
4. جمله امری و منقی= will you
   - won’t you: جمله امری مثبت
5. hardly, never, no body, neither قید منفی ساز etc. = مثبت
6. بعد از همپایه ساز
   fanboys:
   for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
7. when, even though and conjunctive adverb, are uselesss

Question 11

Need

Answer 11

i needn’t do that.
need i tell tom?
I NEED TO DO THAT
You needn’t have done that.

Question 12

SHOULD HAVE Vs COULDN’T HAVE Vs MUST HAVE
Vs MIGHT HAVE

Answer 12

1. Should & Ought have :
   AMA = Advices, Apologies, Past Mistakes
   - You should have gone there straight away.
   - I was so worried about you. You should have called!
   - I’m sorry that I’m late for work. I should have woken up earlier.
2. Must Have: When something certainly happened (certainty) OR Based on evidences
   - You must have been tired.
3. Could Have:
   Guess about the past, something could have happened but it didn’t, When something seems to be impossible.
   - I could have lost the keys in the pub.
   - You could have broken your leg!
4. Might/May have:
   To make an assumption/guess about the past. just like could have