Chapter 2

Question 1

inductive or deductive research?

results are predicted based on a general premise

Answer 1

deductive

Question 1

inductive or deductive research?

conclusions are drawn from observations

Answer 1

inductive

Question 2

name the type of research approach:

• clinical
  -studies 1 individual
  -individual studied is usually a psychological extreme
  -doesn’t generalise very well
  -

Answer 2

a case study

Question 3

name the type of research approach:

-non intrusive
-to study behaviours and gain authentic results
-observe behaviour in natural context

Answer 3

naturalistic observations

Question 4

name the type of research approach:

-gathers a large amount of data
-a list of questions to be answered be participants

Answer 4

survey

Question 5

name the type of research approach:

-using past records or data sets
-usually allows for large amounts of data to be interpreted

Answer 5

archival research

Question 6

name the type of research approach:

-data gathering is administrated over a extended period of time repeadetley

Answer 6

longitudinal

Question 7

name the type of research approach:

-compares multiple segments of a population at a single time

Answer 7

cross section

Question 8

name the type of research approach:

-a relationship between 2 or more variables

Answer 8

correlation

Question 9

name the type of research approach:

-seeing relationships between 2 things when in reality no such relationship exists (bias)

Answer 9

illusory correlation

Question 10

experiment definitions:

refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result.

Answer 10

Reliability

Question 11

experiment definitions:

refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure,

Answer 11

Validity

Question 12

experiment definitions:

well-developed set of ideas that propose an explanation for observed phenomena

Answer 12

theory

Question 13

experiment definitions:

determines how likely any difference between experimental groups is due to chance

Answer 13

statistical analysis

Question 14

experiment definitions:

experiment in which the researcher knows which participants are in the experimental group and which are in the control group

Answer 14

single blind study

Question 15

experiment definitions:

subset of individuals selected from the larger population

Answer 15

sample

Question 16

experiment definitions:

repeating an experiment using different samples to determine the research’s reliability

Answer 16

replicate

Question 17

experiment definitions:

subset of a larger population in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected

Answer 17

random sample

Question 18

two variables change in the same direction, both becoming either larger or smaller

Answer 18

positive correlation

Question 19

two variables change in different directions AKA no correlation

Answer 19

negative correlation

Question 20

number from -1 to +1, indicating the strength and direction of the relationship between variables, and usually represented by r

Answer 20

correlation coefficient