Chapter 2

Question 1

-Formal collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals
-A system
-Constantly uses money, people, materials, machines and other equipment, data, information, and decisions

Answer 1

Oraganization

Question 2

Series (chain) of activities that an organization performs to transform inputs to outputs in such a way that the value of the input is increased.

Answer 2

Value Chain

Question 3

primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and services.

Answer 3

Supply Chain

Question 4

Determines:
What supplies are required for value chain

What quantities are needed to meet customer demand

How supplies should be processed into finished goods and services

How shipment of supplies and products to customers should be scheduled, monitored, and controlled

Answer 4

Supply chain management (SCM)

Question 5

Types of organizational structures

Answer 5

Traditional, Project, Team, Virtual

Question 6

Hierarchy of decision making and authority flows:
From the strategic management at the top down to operational management and nonmanagement employees

Answer 6

Traditional organizational structure

Question 7

Centered on major products or services
Many project teams are temporary

Answer 7

Project organizational structure

Question 8

Centered on work teams or groups
Team can be temporary or permanent, depending on tasks

Answer 8

Team organizational structure

Question 9

Uses individuals, groups, or complete business units in geographically dispersed areas
Can reduce costs for an organization

Answer 9

Virtual organizational structure

Question 10

Set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group

Answer 10

Culture

Question 11

Major understandings and assumptions
Influences information systems

Answer 11

Organizational culture

Question 12

How organizations plan for, implement, and handle change

Answer 12

Organizational change

Question 13

Radical redesign of business processes, organizational structures, information systems, and values of the organization to achieve a breakthrough in business results

Answer 13

Reengineering

Question 14

Constantly seeking ways to improve business processes and add value to products and services

Answer 14

Continuous improvement

Question 15

Specifies the factors that can lead to better attitudes about the information system

Answer 15

Technology acceptance model (TAM)

Question 16

Measure of how widely technology is spread throughout an organization

Answer 16

Technology diffusion

Question 17

Extent to which technology permeates(spread throughout) a department

Answer 17

Technology infusion

Question 18

Contracting with outside professional services

Answer 18

Outsourcing

Question 19

-Also called on-demand business or utility computing
-Resources are made available to users when required
-Rapidly responding to the organization’s flow of work as the need for computer resources varies

Answer 19

On-demand computing

Question 20

Reducing number of employees to cut costs

Answer 20

Downsizing

Question 21

A measure of output achieved divided by input required

Answer 21

Productivity

Question 22

One measure of IS value
Investigates the additional profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in IS technology

Answer 22

Return on investment (ROI)

Question 23

Ceasing old habits and creating a climate that is receptive to change

Answer 23

Unfrezzing

Question 24

Learning new work methods, behaviors, and systems

Answer 24

Moving

Question 25

Involves reinforcing changes to make the new process second nature, accepted, and part of the job

Answer 25

Refreezing