Chapter-19 Diseases Flashcards

0
Q

Infectious rhinitis etiology is

A

A viral infection of the upper respirator. It’s most common form is rhinovirus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The common cold is also known as

A

Infectious rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Signs and symptoms of infectious rhinitis are

A
  • nose and pharynx red and swollen
  • nasal congestion
  • rhinorrhea
  • sneezing
  • watery eyes
  • mouth breathing
  • sore throat
  • headache
  • slight fever
  • malaise
  • cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sinusitis is

A

Secondary to a cold or allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sinusitis etiology is

A

Caused by

  • pneumococci ( bacterial)
  • streptococci (bacterial)
  • hemophilus influenzae (viral)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sinusitis signs and symptoms

A

Severe pain in facial bone
Nasal congestion
Fever
Sore throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sinusitis diagnostics

A

Radiograph or transillumination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lobar pneumonia is otherwise known as

A

Pneumonococcal pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lobar pneumonia etiology is

A

Caused by streptococcus pneumoniae first stage is congestion second stage is consolidation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lobar pneumonia signs and symptoms

A

Pleuritic pain with splinting
Rales over affected lobe
Rusty sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Legionnaires’ disease etiology

A

Gram-negative nosocomial bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cystic fibrosis is

A

A common genetic disorder that causes a defect in the bodies exocrine glands that produce an abnormally thick mucus secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What may also occur with cystic fibrosis

A

Infections and fibrosis which eventually will lead to respirator failure or right-side CHF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cystic fibrosis etiology

A

Caused by a defective gene on the 7th chromosome and is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis

A

Blockage of ileum with mucus at birth known as meconium ileum
Salty skin
Chronic cough & frequent respiratory infections
Digestive dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cystic fibrosis treatment

A

Replace pancreatic enzymes
Heart-lung transplant cause respiratory failure is usually cause of death
Life expectancy may reach adulthood with improved treatments

16
Q

Asthma can be classified as

A

Acute- just a single episode

Chronic- long-term condition

17
Q

The two types of asthma are

A

Extrinsic

Intrinsic

18
Q

Extrinsic asthma involves

A

Acute, triggered by hypersensitivity reactions to inhaled antigens.

19
Q

Intrinsic asthma involves

A

Adult onset, other stimuli target hyper-responsive tissues in airways such as infections, cold, drugs, exercise, stress, smoke

20
Q

Tuberculosis etiology

A

Caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most cases are latent. Increasing rate of occurrence due to drug-resistant strains

21
Q

Tuberculosis is

A

Slow growing bacillus with no purulent exudate. The two stages of pathogenesis are primary infection and secondary or reinfection

22
Q

Tuberculosis primary infection occurs when

A

Microbes invade lungs causing local inflammatory response. In lower lobes. Some bacilli migrate to lymph nodes causing hypersensitivity response.forms tubercles where cassation occurs. In healthy people Ghon complexes form.

23
Q

With tuberculosis, bacteria may remain viable but ______, walled off inside the tubercle for years, patient is exposed and infected, but _____ ______ is not present and remains asymptomatic.

A

Dormant; active disease

24
Tuberculosis secondary or reinfection stage occurs due
To decreased host resistance and then active infection ensues. A cavitation is created in the lung. Hemoptysis is common.
25
Tuberculosis test is called
Mantoux test
26
Transmission of tuberculosis is
Oral droplets
27
Emphysema is
Destruction of the alveolar walls and septae may be classified by location: distal alveoli & bronchiolar.
28
Emphysema signs and symptoms
Insidious onsets Dyspnea Barrel chest Clubbed fingers