Chapter 19

Question 0

Oxygen travels in blood in what two forms?

Answer 0

1. Dissolved 02

2. Oxyhemoglobin (90%)

Question 1

Oxygen and carbon are transported as _____ and as parts of ______ and ______

Answer 1

Solutes; molecules; compounds

Question 2

Transport of carbon dioxide happens in what three ways:

Answer 2

Solute
Carbaminohemoglobin
Bicarbonate ions (70%)

Question 3

The 13 general manifestations of respiratory disease are:

Answer 3

1. Coughing 2. Sneezing 3. Sputum 4. Breathing patterns 5. Breathing sounds 6. Dyspnea 7. Orthopnea 8. Cyanosis 9. Pleural pain 10. Clubbing fingers 11. Hypoxemia 12. Hypoxia 13. Acid-base imbalance

Question 4

Sneezing is defined as:

Answer 4

A reflux response in upper respiratory tract to remove irritant

Question 5

Define coughing:

Answer 5

It is controlled by a center in the medulla; it consists do inspired air, then forceful expiration to remove irritant or from nasal dripping.

Question 6

Define sputum:

Answer 6

Mucoid discharge from respiratory tract. Normally thin, clear, and colorless.

Question 7

Yellow-green, cloudy, thick sputum is caused by:

Answer 7

Bacterial infection

Question 8

Rusty, dark sputum is caused by:

Answer 8

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 9

Purulent, foul odor sputum is caused by

Answer 9

Bronchial infection

Question 10

Thick, sticky, bloody sputum is caused by

Answer 10

Cystic fibrosis or tuberculosis

Question 11

Hemoptysis-bright red bloody, frothy- sputum is caused by

Answer 11

Pulmonary edema

Question 12

The normal rate of eupnea is

Answer 12

10-18 ins/min

Question 13

Kussmaul respirations are

Answer 13

Deep and rapid. They compensate for acidosis.

Question 14

Wheezing or whistling is caused by

Answer 14

An obstruction

Question 15

Strider is

Answer 15

A high pitched, crowing caused by an obstruction in the upper airway.

Question 16

Labored/prolonged breathing is caused by

Answer 16

Obstruction

Question 17

Rales is

Answer 17

Light, bubbly, cracking sounds caused by excessive serous secretions

Question 18

Rhonchi is

Answer 18

Deep harsh sounds caused by thick mucus

Question 19

Absence of breath is

Answer 19

A non-aeration due to collapsed lung

Question 20

Dyspnea is

Answer 20

A subjective feeling of discomfort or shortness of breath

Question 21

Orthopnea is

Answer 21

Positional dyspnea where the patient has difficulty breathing in a recumbent position due to pulmonary congestion.

Question 22

Cyanosis is

Answer 22

Bluish tinge to skin from unoxygenated hemoglobin

Question 23

Plueral pain is

Answer 23

From inflammation or infection of the pleura

Question 24

Clubbed fingers is

Answer 24

Painless, firm, fibrous enlargement of end of digits from chronic hypoxia

Question 25

Hypoxemia is

Answer 25

Inadequate oxygen in the blood

Question 26

Hypoxia is

Answer 26

Inadequate oxygen in cells

Question 27

Acid-base imbalance is

Answer 27

Respiratory acidosis (CO2) & respiratory alkalosis (O2)