Chapter 19 Blood Vessels

Question 0

What are some functions of the tunica interna?

Answer 0

Selectively permeable membrane
Stimulate dilation or constriction
Reduce chance of things sticking to the walls

Question 1

What type of epithelial tissue makes up the turnips interna?

Answer 1

Simple squamous epithelial

Question 2

Which layer of a vessel is the largest?

Answer 2

Tunica media.

Question 3

What type of tissue I s the tunica media?

Answer 3

Smooth muscle and elastic tissue and collagen

Question 4

What is the purpose of the tunica media ?

Answer 4

Strengthen the vessel to prevent rupturing

Regulates the diameter of the vessel

Question 5

What is the tunica externa made of?

Answer 5

Loose connective tissue

Question 6

What is the function of the tunica externa?

Answer 6

Anchors the vessel to the outer tissues

Passage for small nerves to supply the tissues

Question 7

What is the vasa vasorum ?

Answer 7

Nourishes the outer half of the vessel

Question 8

What are the three sizes of arteries

Answer 8

Conducting (largest)
Distributing (Medium)
Arteriole (small)
Capillary

Question 9

What is going on during systole?

Answer 9

Contraction of the ventricles and blood vessels

Question 10

What is arteriosclerosis?

Answer 10

Hardening of the arteries from reduced elasticity of the connective tissue

Question 11

What is the carotid sinus ?

Answer 11

Pressure sensor that detects blood pressure thought the baroreflex

Question 12

What are carotid bodies?

Answer 12

Chemoreceptors responsible for telling brain about pH and o2 and co2 levels

Question 13

What two layers do capillaries have?

Answer 13

Endothelium and basal lamina

Question 14

What are the different types of capillaries and what do they do?

Answer 14

Continuous- have tight junctions, muscle tissue, have pericytes,
Fenestrated- have filtration pores, passage of small molecules, kidneys small intestine,
Sinusoids- no basal lamina, lots of things can pass through

Question 15

What is a portal system?

Answer 15

A series of two capillary beds before returning to the heart.

Question 16

What is an anastomoses?

Answer 16

Convergence of two vessels together besides capillaries

Question 17

What is perfusion?

Answer 17

Flow per volume or mass of tissue

Question 18

What is blood pressure ?

Answer 18

Force of blood against the vessel wall

Question 19

What is systolic pressure?

Answer 19

Peak pressure seen in ventricular contraction

Question 20

What is pulse pressure?

Answer 20

The difference in pressure between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 21

What is diastolic pressure?

Answer 21

Minimum arterial pressure measured when ventricular contraction happens.

Question 22

What is syncope?

Answer 22

Fainting. Can be cause from many things like kidney failure, edema and aneurism

Question 23

What is Atherosclerosis?

Answer 23

Growth of lipid deposites in the blood vessels which calcify and become plaque

Question 24

What is hypertension?

Answer 24

High resting blood pressure

Weakens arteries cause aneurysms and increase atherosclerosis

Question 25

What is angiogenesis?

Answer 25

Generation of new blood vessels
Menstration
Capillaries of muscles.

Question 26

What are the causes of edema

Answer 26

Increased capillary filtration
Reduced capillary reabsorption
Obstructed lymphatic system

Question 27

Venous return happens by what mechanisms?

Answer 27

Pressure gradient 
Gravity
Skeletal muscle pump 
Respiratory pump 
Cardiac suction

Question 28

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 28

Fluid recovery-return fluid to the blood
Immunity- picks up foreign cells in fluid and activate immune response
Lipid absorption-lacteals absorb lipids not taken out by the blood