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Anatomy And Physiology 2 > Chapter 18: Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 18: Blood Flashcards

0
Q

Cardiovascular system refers to?

A

Just the heart and blood vessels

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1
Q

What is the circulatory system?

A

The heart blood vessels and blood

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2
Q

Hematology is the study of what?

A

Blood

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3
Q

What are the main functions of blood?

A

Transport - nutrients hormones gasses
Protection- inflammation destroy invading organisms neutralize toxins
Regulation- fluid distribution ph body temperature

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4
Q

What is plasma?

A

Liquid portion of blood including albumins globulins fibrinogen

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5
Q

What is serum ?

A

Plasma munis the fibrinogen

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6
Q

What precursor cell produced erythrocytes?

A

Pluripotent stem cell

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7
Q

Nitric acid does what in the blood?

A

Vasodilates and increases blood flow

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8
Q

What is polycythemia?

A

Excess rbc

Either from cancerous rbc or from lack of fluid

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9
Q

What is anemia?

A

Most common blood disorder.
Inadequate rbc or hemoglobin excessive bleeding or destruction of rbc
Can cause kidney failure iron deficiency lack of vitamin b12

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10
Q

Which type of cell is the least abundant formed element in the blood?

A

Leukocytes

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11
Q

How is a leukocyte formed?

A

Cytokines (colony stimulating factor) stimulate other leukocytes and stem cells to make more cells.

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12
Q

Which leukocytes are granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils eosinophils and basophils

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13
Q

Which leukocytes are agranulocytes?

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

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14
Q

What kind of infection would have an increase in neutrophils?

A

Bacterial infection
Neutrophils phagocytize Bacteria
First to arrive at a wound site

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15
Q

Eosinophils are presents during what type of infection.

A

Parasitic and allergic reactions

Enzymes break down parasites

16
Q

Which leukocyte responds to chicken pox diabetes polycythemia and ectoparasites ?

A

Basophils

17
Q

What are the functions of a lymphocyte?

A

Immune response to infections that are specific
Responsible for destroying cancer foreign cells and virally infected cells

Immune antibodies and immune memory

18
Q

Which leukocyte is the largest and responsible for viral infections and inflammation?

A

Monocytes

Turn into macrophages to phagocytize pathogens and debris

19
Q

What is leukemia?

A

Cancer in hemopoietic tissues.
Myeloid uncontrolled granulocytes production (neutrophils eosinophils and basophils )
Lymphoid uncontrolled agranulocytes ( monocytes and leukocytes)

20
Q

What is leukopenia?

A

Low white blood cell count

21
Q

Platelets are formed from?

A

Thrombopoietin made in the liver and kidneys

22
Q

Describe hemostasis

A

Vascular spasm vasoconstriction platelets gather
Platelet plug formation collagen fibers extend and latest caught in fibers
Blood clot stops fluid from escaping

Anatomy And Physiology 2 (7 decks)

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