Chapter 19

Question 1

What are subsidies?

Answer 1

They were financial aid and land grants

Question 2

What railroad group worked eastward from Sacramento?

Answer 2

The Central Pacific Company

Question 3

What railroad group worked westward from Omaha?

Answer 3

The Union Pacific Company

Question 4

The Central Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?

Answer 4

Chinese Immigrants (China)

Question 5

The Union Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?

Answer 5

Irish Immigrants (Ireland)

Question 6

What occurred on May 10, 1869?

Answer 6

Workers completed construction of the Transcontinental Railroad at Promontory Point

Question 7

What was significant about the final spike in the Transcontinental Railroad?

Answer 7

It was a golden spike

Question 8

What did the American Railway Association do to our country in 1883?

Answer 8

It divided the country into 4 time zones

Question 9

What were open ranges?

Answer 9

It was land not fenced in or divided into lots

Question 10

What were long drives?

Answer 10

It was where ranchers had to drive their cattle hundreds of miles on journeys

Question 11

What were three challenges that faced the American Cowboy?

Answer 11

These cowboys would face tough weather consist ions and rustlers who tried to steal cattle. But the biggest challenge was fighting off stampedes

Question 12

What was passed by Congress in 1862 to encourage people to move to the Great Plains?

Answer 12

The Homestead Act (It offered up 160 acres for a $10 filing fee and a promise to live there for at least 5 years)

Question 13

How much land is an acre?

Answer 13

An acre is roughly the size of a football field

Question 14

What invention by John Deere allowed farmers to break through the tough Midwestern sod?

Answer 14

Steel Plow

Question 15

What was used to keep livestock in a contained area and to mark territory?

Answer 15

Barbed Wire

Question 16

What Sioux chief didn’t want to sell the Black Hills area of the Dakotas to the U.S. Government?

Answer 16

Chief Sitting Bull

Question 17

Who had his last stand at the Battle of Little Bighorn?

Answer 17

Colonel George Custer

Question 18

What was Chief Joseph’s famous quote about Native American attitudes at this time?

Answer 18

“From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.’

Question 19

Who was the last Native American to surrender in the Apache Wars?

Answer 19

Geronimo

Question 20

What two things did the Dawes Act do?

Answer 20

In 1887 Congress passed the Dawes Act, which broke up reservation land individually and removed tribal affiliations

Question 21

What three ways were Native American students taught to assimilate in boarding schools?

Answer 21

They were taught to dress and act like European Americans, they were taught English and they couldn’t use their native languages, and traditional names were replaced by European names.

Question 22

What caused the Wounded Knee Massacre?

Answer 22

●Several hundred Lakota Sioux gathered at Wounded Knee Creek in SW South Dakota to mourn Sitting Bull’s death.
●In Dec. 1890, the US Army sent troops here to collect Sioux weapons. As they did this, one gun discharged.
●The Army opened fire and more than 200 Sioux and 25 soldiers were killed.
●Wounded Knee marked the end of armed conflict between the US Gov’t and Native Americans.

Question 23

What battle caused the end of the armed conflict between the U.S. and the Indians?

Answer 23

Wounded Knee marked the end of armed conflict between the U.S. government and Native Americans

Question 24

What would the Transcontinental Railroad do?

Answer 24

It would connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts