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8th History > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin in America?

A

New England

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2
Q

What is capitalism?

A

It is where individuals put their capital into a business in hopes of making a profit

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3
Q

What is the money used for an investment?

A

Capital

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4
Q

What is a system where people are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish?

A

Free Enterprise/Free Market System

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5
Q

What sets the prices of goods in a free enterprise system?

A

Supply and Demand

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6
Q

What is technology?

A

Scientific discoveries that simplify work

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7
Q

What gives inventors legal rights to their inventions?

A

Patents

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8
Q

Who invented the Cotton Gin?

A

Eli Whitney

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9
Q

Who opened the first textile mill in the U.S.?

A

Samuel Slater

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10
Q

What happened to demand for cotton as a result of textile mill growth in New England?

A

The demand for cotton grew

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11
Q

What was the cause of the growth of cities and towns in the north?

A

The growth of factories

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12
Q

What was the change from an agrarian society to one based on industry?

A

The Industrial Revolution

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13
Q

What is the difference between urban and rural?

A

Urban=City

Rural=Country

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14
Q

What were the three things necessary for Western Expansion in the United States?

A

Roads Steamboats Canals

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15
Q

Who led a failed expedition into Kentucky, but wrote journal writings that would help future explorers settle there?

A

Dr. Thomas Walker

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16
Q

Who was the first permanent settler in modern day Tennessee?

A

William Bean

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17
Q

Why was the Cumberland Gap important to the Wilderness Road?

A

The Cumberland Gap in the mountains allowed for a path to be created that made passing through the Appalachian Mountains easier

18
Q

What was the importance of the Wilderness Road to the development of Tennessee?

A

The Wilderness Road was the route to Kentucky from the Atlantic Coast. The Wilderness Road aided the early exploration of Tennessee because it made passing through the mountains easier and opened the for more settlement.

19
Q

Who blazed the trail for the Wilderness Road?

A

Daniel Boone and 30 skilled foresters

20
Q

Where was the first capital of the Southwest territory?

A

Rocky Mount

21
Q

Who was the first person to be voted in as Senator from Tennessee?

A

William Blount

22
Q

What was important about John Sevier?

A

He was the first governor of Tennessee

23
Q

What is a long hunter?

A

Someone who explores for at least 6 months at a time

24
Q

What is a turnpike?

A

They are toll roads

25
Q

What road became important to the development of Tennessee because it allowed farmers to get back to middle Tennessee after selling crops?

A

The Natchez Trace

26
Q

Who created the first steamboat?

A

Robert Fulton

27
Q

Steamboats improved the transport of what two things?

A

The transport of goods and the transport of passengers

28
Q

What are artificial waterways?

A

Canals

29
Q

What canal connected Albany to Buffalo and opened up New York to even more trade opportunities?

A

The Eerie Canal

30
Q

Who was the President in 1817?

A

James Monroe

31
Q

What was the Era of Good Feelings?

A

A time when political differences seemed to fade away after the War of 1812

32
Q

Why did the Era of Good Feelings not last long?

A

It didn’t last long because the Western Expansion of the U.S. led to increased sectionalism (loyalty to a region)

33
Q

What is the name for showing loyalty to a region?

A

Sectionalism

34
Q

Who was a chief supporter of state sovereignty?

A

John C. Calhoun

35
Q

What was Henry Clay’s system that promoted tariffs to stimulate American Industry growth?

A

The American System

36
Q

What helped preserve the balance between the North and the South?

A

The Missouri Compromise

37
Q

What two states were involved in the Missouri Compromise?

A

The Compromise was made to have Maine enter as free (from slavery) and Missouri enter as a slave state

38
Q

What was a court over states rights that that state governments could not have power over the national government?

A

McCulloh vs. Maryland

39
Q

Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for the rulings of Marbury v. Madison and McCulloh v. Maryland?

A

John Marshall

40
Q

What treaty was an example of America’s military strength and allowed Florida become part of the country?

A

The Adams-Onis Treaty

41
Q

What statement was an important part of American foreign policy?

A

The Monroe Doctrine

8th History (18 decks)

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