chapter 18.4

Question 1

the adrenal glands are located

Answer 1

above the kidney with an outer and inner medulla

Question 2

3 zones of the adrenal cortex

Answer 2

zona glomerulosa = mineralocorticoids
zona fasciculata = glucocorticoids
zona reticularis = androgens

Question 3

mineralocorticoids increase

Answer 3

sodium and water reabsorption
decrease potassium reabsorption

Question 4

mineralocorticoid secretion is controlled by

Answer 4

renin angiotensin pathway and blood potassium levels

Question 5

glucocorticoids promote

Answer 5

breakdown of proteins, glucose formation, anti inflammatory, lipolysis and immune response depression

Question 6

glucocorticoids secretion is controlled by

Answer 6

CRH (corticotrophin releasing hormone) and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from anterior pituitary

Question 7

adrenal medulla cells

Answer 7

chromaffin cells that surround large blood filled sinuses

Question 8

amp adrenal medulla secrete

Answer 8

norepinephrine and epinephrine that are released under stress

Question 9

pineal gland is found

Answer 9

on the roof of the third ventricle inside the brain

Question 10

pineal gland is made of
and secrete

Answer 10

pinealocytes, neuroglia and scattered post ganglionic sympathetic fibers
melatonin

Question 11

eicosanoids alter the

Answer 11

production of second messengers such as cyclic AMP

Question 12

types of eicosanoids

Answer 12

prostaglandins leukotrienes

Question 13

ibuprofen, aspirin and acetaminophen inhibit

Answer 13

a key enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis and treat inflammation disorders

Question 14

stress regulating hormones include

Answer 14

CRH
GHRH
TRH

Question 15

what hormone is produced in high concentrations during stress

Answer 15

glucocorticoids