Chapter 18: Endocrine System

Question 1

insulin

Answer 1

decreases blood sugar

Question 2

aden/o

Answer 2

gland

Question 3

adenitis

Answer 3

inflammation of a gland

Question 4

adrenal/o

Answer 4

adrenal gland

Question 5

adrenalectomy

Answer 5

removal of adrenal gland

Question 6

gonad/o

Answer 6

sex glands (ovaries and testes)

Question 7

hypogonadism

Answer 7

condition of deficient sex hormones

Question 8

pancreat/o

Answer 8

pancreas

Question 9

pancreatectomy

Answer 9

removal of the pancreas

Question 10

parathyroid/o

Answer 10

parathyroid gland

Question 11

parathyroidectomy

Answer 11

removal of the parathyroid gland

Question 12

thyr/o
thyroid/o

Answer 12

thyroid gland

Question 13

thyroiditis

Answer 13

inflammation of the thyroid gland

Question 14

calc/o
calci/o

Answer 14

calcium

Question 15

hypercalemia

Answer 15

excessive calcium in blood

Question 16

hypocalemia

Answer 16

low calcium in blood

Question 17

hypercalciuria

Answer 17

excessive calcium in urine

Question 18

crin/o

Answer 18

secrete

Question 19

endocrinologist

Answer 19

specialist in the study of endocrines

Question 20

dips/o

Answer 20

thirst

Question 21

polydipsia

Answer 21

much thirst

Question 22

estr/o

Answer 22

female

Question 23

estrogenic

Answer 23

pertaining to producing female-like effects

Question 24

glyc/o

Answer 24

sugar

Question 25

hyperglycemia

Answer 25

excessive sugar in blood

Question 26

glycemic

Answer 26

pertaining to blood sugar

Question 27

home/o

Answer 27

sameness

Question 28

homeostasis

Answer 28

controlling sameness

Question 29

hormon/o

Answer 29

hormone

Question 30

hormonal

Answer 30

pertaining to hormone

Question 31

kal/i

Answer 31

potassium

Question 32

hypokalemia

Answer 32

low potassium in blood

Question 33

hyperkalemia

Answer 33

excessive potassium in blood

Question 34

natr/o

Answer 34

sodium

Question 35

hyponatremia

Answer 35

low sodium in blood

Question 36

toxic/o

Answer 36

poison

Question 37

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 37

abnormal condition of thyroid poison

Question 38

-emia

Answer 38

blood condition

Question 39

hypoglycemia

Answer 39

low blood sugar

Question 40

-uria

Answer 40

urine condition

Question 41

glycosuria

Answer 41

condition of sugar in urine

Question 42

eu-

Answer 42

good, normal

Question 43

euthyroid

Answer 43

normal thyroid function

Question 44

hyper-

Answer 44

excessive; above

Question 45

hypo-

Answer 45

deficient; below; under; less than normal

Question 46

hypoinsulinism

Answer 46

low levels of insulin

Question 47

diabetes mellitus

Answer 47

lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

Type 1 is autoimmune disease
- occurs before age 30
- no insulin production
- symptoms: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
-treatment: insulin

Type 2
- occurs after age 30
- insulin is present
- symptoms: sometimes seen with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
- treatment: diet, oral hypoglycemics or insulin

leads to long term problems such as stroke, neuropathy, gangrene, atherosclerosis, nephropathy, retinopathy, gastroparesis, glaucoma, and more due to not enough sugars to cells :(

Question 48

DM

Answer 48

diabetes mellitus

Question 49

FBS

Answer 49

fasting blood sugar

Question 50

TFT

Answer 50

thyroid function test