Chapter 15: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
calc/o
A
calcium
2
Q
calci/o
A
calcium
3
Q
hypercalcemia
A
excessive calcium in blood
4
Q
decalcification
A
lack of making calcium from bone
5
Q
kyph/o
A
humpback, hunchback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region)
6
Q
kyphosis
A
abnormal condition of posterior curvature in thoracic region
7
Q
lamin/o
A
lamina (part of the vertebral arch)
8
Q
laminectomy
A
removal of lamina
9
Q
lord/o
A
curve, swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)
10
Q
lordosis
A
abnormal condition of anterior curvature in lumbar spine
11
Q
lumb/o
A
loins, lower back
12
Q
lumbar
A
pertaining to lower back
13
Q
lumbosacral
A
pertaining to lower back and sacrum
14
Q
orth/o
A
straight
15
Q
myel/o
A
bone marrow
16
Q
myelopoiesis
A
formation of bone marrow
17
Q
orthopedics
A
medical speciality for bones (surgeons)
18
Q
oste/o
A
bone
19
Q
osteitis
A
inflammation of bone
20
Q
osteodystrophy
A
poor development of bone
21
Q
osteogenesis
A
production of bone
22
Q
scoli/o
A
crooked, bent (lateral curvature)
23
Q
scoliosis
A
abnormal condition of lateral curvature of spine
24
Q
spondyl/o (used to make words about conditions of the structure)
A
vertebrae
25
spondylosis
abnormal condition of vertebrae
26
vertebr/o (used to describe the structure itself)
vertebrae
27
vertebroplasty
surgical repair of vertebrae
28
-blast
embryonic or immature cell
29
osteoblast
immature bone cell
30
-clast
to break
31
-listhesis
slipping
32
spondylolisthesis
forward slipping of vertebra over lower vertebra
33
-malacia
softening
34
osteomalacia
softening of bone
35
-porosis
pore, passage
36
osteoporosis
abnormal condition of pores in bones
37
-physis
to grow
38
pubic symphysis
junction of pubic bones
39
-tome
instrument to cut
40
osteotome
instrument to cut bone
41
acetabul/o
acetabulum (hip socket)
42
acetabular
pertaining to acetabulum
43
calcane/o
calcaneus (heel)
44
calcaneal
pertaining to calcaneus
45
carp/o
carpals (wrist bones)
46
carpal
pertaining to carpals
47
clavicul/o
clavicle (collar bone)
48
supraclavicular
pertaining to above the clavicle
49
cost/o
ribs (true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs)
50
subcostal
pertaining to under the ribs
51
chondrocostal
pertaining to the cartilage that is attached to the ribs
52
crani/o
cranium (skull)
53
craniotomy
incision into the cranium
54
craniotome
instrument to cut the cranium
55
femor/o
femur (thigh bone)
56
femoral
pertaining to femur
57
fibul/o
fibula (smaller lower leg bone)
58
fibular
pertaining to fibula
59
humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
60
humeral
pertaining to humerus
61
ili/o
ilium (upper part of pelvic bone)
62
iliac
pertaining to ilium
63
ischi/o
ischium (posterior part of pelvic bone)
64
ischial
pertaining to ischium
65
malleol/o
malleolus (process on each side of the ankle)
66
malleolar
pertaining to the malleolus
67
mandibul/o
mandible (lower jawbone)
68
mandibular
pertaining to mandible
69
maxill/o
maxilla (upper jawbone)
70
maxillary
pertaining to maxilla
71
metacarp/o
metacarpals (hand bones)
72
metacarpectomy
removal of the metacarpals
73
metatars/o
metatarsals (foot bones)
74
metatarsalgia
pain in metatarsals
75
olecran/o
olecranon (elbow)
76
olecranal
pertaining to olecranon
77
patell/o
patella (kneecap)
78
infrapatellar
pertaining to beneath/under the patella
79
pelv/o
pelvis
80
pelvimetry
measurement of pelvis
81
phalang/o
phalanges (finger and/or toe bones)
82
phalangeal
pertaining to phalanges
83
pub/o
pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone)
84
pubic
pertaining to pubis
85
radi/o
radius (forearm bone - thumb side)
86
radial
pertaining to radius
87
scapul/o
scapula (shoulder blade)
88
scapular
pertaining to scapula
89
stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
90
tars/o
tarsals (bones of the mid and hindfoot)
90
sternal
pertaining to sternum
90
tarsectomy
removal of tarsals
90
tibi/o
tibia (shin bone)
90
tibial
pertaining to tibia
91
92
uln/o
ulna (forearm bone - pinky side)
93
ulnar
pertaining to ulna
94
ankyl/o
stiff
95
ankylosis
abnormal stiffening
96
arthr/o
joint
97
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint
98
arthrotomy
incision into a joint
99
hemarthrosis
abnormal condition of blood in joint
100
hydrarthrosis
abnormal condition of fluid in joint
100
polyarthritis
inflammation of many joints
101
bursitis
inflammation of bursa
101
burs/o
bursa
102
chondr/o
cartilage
103
104
chrondrosarcoma
malignant tumor of cartilage
105
chondromalacia
softening of cartilage
106
ligament/o
ligament
107
ligamentous
pertaining to ligament
108
rheumat/o
watery flow
109
rheumatologist
specialist in study of joints
110
synov/o
synovial membrane
111
synovitis
inflammation of synovial membrane
112
ten/
tendon
113
tendin/o
tendon
114
tenorrhaphy
suturing of tendon
115
tenosynovitis
inflammation of tendon and its covering (sheath)
116
tendinosis
abnormal condition of tendon
117
-desis
to bind, tie together
118
arthrodesis
bind the joints
119
-stenosis
narrowing
120
spinal stenosis
narrowing of spine
121
fasci/o
fascia (forms sheaths enveloping muscles)
122
fasciotomy
incision into fascia
123
leiomy/o
smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs
124
leiomyoma
tumor of smooth muscle
125
leiomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of smooth muscle
126
my/o
muscle
127
myalgia
muscle pain
128
electromyography
process of recording electricity in muscles
129
myopathy
disease of muscle
130
myocardi/o
heart muscle
131
myocardial
pertaining to heart muscle
132
myos/o
muscle
133
myositis
inflammation of muscle
134
plant/o
sole of the foot
135
plantar flexion
bending down toward sole of the foot
136
rhabdomy/o
skeletal (striated) muscle connected to bones
137
rhabdomyoma
tumor of skeletal muscle
138
rhabdomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of skeletal muscle
139
sarc/o
muscle and flesh
140
sarcopenia
deficiency of muscle and flesh (loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging)
141
-trophy
development, nourishment
142
atrophy
decrease in size of muscle
143
hypertrophy
increase in size of muscle
144
ab-
away from
145
abduction
movement away from the midline of the body
146
ad-
toward
147
adduction
movement toward the midline of the body
148
dorsi-
back
149
dorsiflexion
upward movement of the foot; achieved through ankle motion
150
poly-
many, much
151
polymyalgia
pain of many muscles
152
ACL
anterior cruciate ligament of the knee
153
C1 to C7
cervical vertebrae
154
EMG
electromyography
155
IM
intramuscular
156
L1 to L5
lumbar vertebrae
157
OT
occupational therapy - helps patients with impaired musculoskeletal function perform activities of daily living and function in work-related situations
158
PT
physical therapy - helps patients with movement disorders regain use of muscles and joints after injury or surgery
159
ROM
range of motion
160
T1 to T12
thoracic vertebrae
