Chapter 18 Endocrine Part 2 Flashcards
Glands that secrete their products (hormones) into extracellular space. There are NO ducts therefore, secretions will go directly into the blood
Endocrine Glands
Glands that contain ducts and the ducts carry the secretions into body cavities.
Exocrine glands
Example of _______ glands.
- Sebaceous glands- oil
- Sudoriferous glands- sweat
- Mucous glands- mocus
- Mammary glands- milk
Exocrine glands
Major Endocrine Glands (9)
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary Gland
- Pineal Gland
- Thyroid Gland
- Parathyroid Gland
- Thymus Gland
- Pancreas
- Adrenal Glands
- Gonads- ovaries and testes
ADH, OT (OXT)
Hypothalamus
ACTH, FSH, MSH, TSH, GH, LH, PRL
Anterior pituitary gland
Storage and release of ADH, OT (OXT)
Posterior pituitary gland
T3, T4, CT
Thyroid gland
PTH
Parathyroid gland
Melatonin
Pineal gland
Thymosins
Thymus gland
Insulin, Glucagon
Pancreas
Cortex (Androgens, Mineralcorticoids, Gluccocorticoids)
Medulla (E, NE)
Suprarenal gland (Adrenal Gland)
Made up of all endocrine glands, tissues, and cells of the body.
Endocrine system
- Glandular secretory cells that release their secretions into ECF, which diffuse into a nearby capillary and enter vascular system.
- Made up of all endocrine cells and tissues of the body.
Endocrine glands
Endocrine System Functions:
Pathway is NOT wired together Uses biochemicals called Hormones Hormones can travel long distances Receptors can be located far from Hormone release Has receptor specificity Response to commands is delayed Results last for longer duration Regulation of systems
Nervous System Functions:
Neural pathway is wired together
Uses bichemicals called neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters travel short distances
Receptors are located close to Neutrotransmitter vesicle release
Information/commands carried out quickly
Impulses last for shorter duration
Rapid response to command
Influences metabolic activity through release of hormones; target cells respond after short period of time (Seconds to days) but have prolonged effect
Endocrine system
Influences muscular/gland activity through release of neurotransmitters; target cells respond after short period of time (milliseconds) but have a short duration of effect.
Nervous System
Chemical messenger molecules that are circulated in the bloodstream.
Hormones
Are specific cells that respond to the presence of hormones.
Target cells
Cells communicate with cells through gap junctions this is specialized and rare.
Direct communication
Chemical messengers released from one cell to transfer information to another cell within a tissue.
Paracrine communication
When hormones are released into the bloodstream to reach target cells which are loacted in other tissues.
Endocrine communication
Occurs in nervous system; chemicals float across synaptic clefts from one cell and binds to receptor on another cells. Chemicals are called neurotransmitters.
Synaptic communication
