Chapter 17 (EYE) Flashcards
Another name for the eyelids
Palpebrae
Act as windshield wipers to clean the eye
Eyelids (Palpebrae)
Gap between the 2 eyelids
Palpebral fissure
Where 2 eyelids connect
Medial canthus & Lateral canthus
Prevent foreign matter from reaching the eye
Eye lashes
Along inner margin of eyelid; that secrete a lipid rich product that prevents eyelids from sticking together.
Tarsal glands
Located at medial canthus that produce secretions called “sleep” in corner of eye
Lacrimal caruncle
Epithelial surface of the eyelid/eye that contacts the eye/eyelid.
Conjuctiva
Two types of Conjuctiva
- Palpebral conjunctiva
- Ocular conjunctiva
Produces, distributes, and removes tears
Lacrimal apparatus
What does the lacrimal apparatus consist of? (6)
- Lacrimal gland
- Excretory lacrimal ducts
- Lacrimal puncta
- Lacrimal canaliculi
- Lacrimal sac
- Nasolacrimal duct
The eye consists of 3 layers what are they?
- Fibrous tunic
- Vascular tunic (Uvea)
- Neural tunic (Retina)
Cavity that contains vitreous humor?
Posterior Cavity
Cavity that contains aqueous humor?
Anterior Cavity
Outermost layer, has blood vessels and nerves and is primarily made up of collagen and elastic fibers
Fibrous tunic
Middle layer. Contains more blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and eye muscles.
Vascular tunic (Uvea)
Outermost layer. Has blood vessels and nerves and is primarily made up of collagen and elastic fibers.
Fibrous tunic
These cause constriction of pupil; reduces diameter of pupil.
Pupillary constrictor muscles
These dialate pupil; increases the diameter of pupil.
Pupillary dilator muscles
Where the iris attaches to the eye
Ciliary body
A vascular layer that delivers 02 and nutrients to the eye..
Choroid
Determines amount of light allowed into the eye.
Pupil
2 layers of Neural tunic (Retina)
- Pigmented part
- Neural part
Cells that are stimulated by light
Photoreceptors
Types of photoreceptors
Rods and cones
Allow you to see in dim light, does not allow us to see in color. Most numerous.
Rods
Allows you to see colors and used in times of bright light.
Cones
3 types of cones
Blue
Green
Red
When 1 type of cone does not work
Color blindness
Formed from ganglion’s axon
Optic nerve
Area where cones are present but rodes are not.
Macula latea
Center of the macula lutea, has the highest number of cones.
Fovea
Location of the optic nerve where no photoreceptors located. Also called blind spot
Optic disk
Junction between the retina and the ciliary body; serrated region.
Ora serrata
Part of the diencephalon (Brain) and is a thin membrane attached at only 2 points. Optic disk, and Ora serrata
Retina
How light passes from eye to brain
Pigmented part Neural part rods or cones Bipolar cells Ganglion cells Optic nerve Brain
Normal vision; image is focused on retina
Emmetropia
(Near sighted) image is focused short of retina; correct with diverging lens.
Myopia
(Far sighted) image is focused past/beyond retina; correct with converging lens.
Hyperiopia
