Chapter 18

Question 1

2 stages of parasitic infections

Answer 1

cyst stage - dormant, immotile

trophozoite stage - motile, actively feeding and reproducing

Question 2

malaria is caused by:

Answer 2

Plasmodium species

Question 3

malaria transmission

Answer 3

Anopheles mosquito

Question 4

types of malaria (2)

Answer 4

tertian malaria - “three days”; 48 hour cycle

quartan malaria - “four days”; 72 hour cycle

Question 5

malaria

Answer 5

fever, chills, headache, bodywide pain, nausea, death due to anemia and clots in organs

Question 6

malaria treatment

Answer 6

Quinine - tree extract (Primaquine)

Question 7

toxoplasmosis is caused by:

Answer 7

Toxoplasma gondii - trophozoite, cyst, oocytes

Question 8

toxoplasmosis transmission

Answer 8

contaminated meat, cat feces

intestinal lining and blood

Question 9

toxoplasmosis

Answer 9

one of the most common infections

high fever, swollen spleen, liver, and lymph node

Question 10

TORCH

Answer 10

infections associate with congenital anomalies 
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella 
CMV
HSV-2

Question 11

toxoplasmosis treatment

Answer 11

sulfonamides

Question 12

leishmania

Answer 12

causes leishmaniasis - visceral disease and cutaneous disease
transmitted by sandfly

Question 13

leishmaniasis visceral disease

Answer 13

(kala-azar)
infection of blood - “black fever”, high fever, swollen spleen and liver
90% fatal

Question 14

leishmaniasis cutaneous disease

Answer 14

causes skin sores that ulcerate

“Baghdad boil” - soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan

Question 15

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 15

causes an STD, vaginitis, in women - dysuria (painful urination), pruritis (itch), yellow frothy discharge
often found with gonorrhea

Question 16

Trichomonas vaginalis treatment

Answer 16

metronidazole (flagyl) - binds to DNA

need to treat patient and partner

Question 17

Cryptosporidium parvum

Answer 17

causes cryptosporidiosis - diarrhea, dehydration
intracellular - epithelial cells of small intestine
highly infectious protozoan

Question 18

Cryptosporidium parvum transmission

Answer 18

fecal-oral route

from farm animals

Question 19

pinworm disease diagnosis

Answer 19

gum tape on stick - poke at anal region

Question 20

babesiosis

Answer 20

malaria-like disease
emerging infection in Northeast US
causes anemia, headache, sometimes meningitis

Question 21

babesiosis is caused by:

Answer 21

Babesia microti

Question 22

babesiosis transmission

Answer 22

ticks