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Microbiology Exam 3 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

plasmalemma

A

cell membrane of fungi, has ergosterol - sterol unique to fungi

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2
Q

cell wall of fungi

A

chitin - polymer of NAG, glucan, and mannan

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3
Q

Sabouraud’s medium

A

selective medium used for fungi growth

just glucose and peptones - low pH

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4
Q

yeast

A

single cells, unicellular
cell division by budding (blastospores)
fungi grow in yeast form in tissue of host when causing infection

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5
Q

mold

A

multicellular, branching cells that form filaments called hyphae
fungi grow in mold form when free-living

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6
Q

mycelium

A

tangled mass of growth of hyphae (mold)

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7
Q

aerial mycelium

A

form of mold that grows on surface - e.g. moldy fruit or bread

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8
Q

vegetative mycelium

A

form of mold that penetrates substrates, gets nutrients

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9
Q

fungal asexual reproduction

A

by production of spores - mitosis

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10
Q

conidia

A

asexual spores

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11
Q

fungal sexual reproduction

A

by mating of cells - meiosis; haploid nuclei form two gametes which fuse to form diploid nucleus

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12
Q

fungi imperfecti

A

fungi that can only reproduce asexually

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13
Q

kinds of asexual spores (3)

A

chlamydospores
blastospores
arthrospores

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14
Q

chlamydospores

A

asexual spores that are thick, swollen, and round cells

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15
Q

blastospores

A

asexual spores that form from budding

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16
Q

arthrospores

A

asexual spores that are thick, rectangular cells

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17
Q

two modes of antifungal agents

A

affecting fungal membrane

affecting fungal processes

18
Q

polyenes

A

class of antifungal agent that binds to ergosterol

19
Q

azoles

A

class of antifungal agent that inhibits ergosterol synthesis

20
Q

polyene compounds

A

amphotericin B and nystatin

21
Q

azole compounds

A

micronazole, fluconazole, tolnafatate

22
Q

pyrimidines

A

class of antifungal agent that inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis

23
Q

pyrimidine compounds

A

5FC (flucytosine)

24
Q

grisans

A

class of antifungal agent that inhibits microtubule assembly

25
Q

mycotoxicoses

A

toxic diseases caused by fungi

26
Q

mycoses

A

fungal infections

27
Q

superficial mycoses

A

fungal infection limited to outermost layers of skin and hair

28
Q

cutaneous mycoses

A

fungal infection that goes deeper into epidermis - also hair and nails
e.g. tineas, ringworm, athlete’s foot

29
Q

subcutaneous mycoses

A

fungal infection from skin that progresses to lymphatic tissue (due to trauma)

30
Q

systemic (deep) mycoses

A

fungal infection caused by inhalation of spores - damage to lung, disseminate through bloodstream

31
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

causes crpytococcal meningitis

thrives in cerebrospinal fluid

32
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans treatment

A

amphotericin B with flucytosine

33
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans transmission

A

inhalation of yeast from soil or pigeon droppings

34
Q

Candida albicans

A

causes yeast infection
part of normal microbiota of oral cavity, vagina, and other body parts
opportunistic

35
Q

Candida albicans treatment

A

nystatin

36
Q

Candida albicans morphology in tissue

A

sausage shaped with pseudo-hyphae and budding yeast

37
Q

Candida albicans morphology in culture

A

chlamydospores

38
Q

Candida albicans morphology in 37°C serum

A

germ tubes

39
Q

saccharomyces

A

yeast involved in baking and brewing

40
Q

amanita

A

mushroom that produces potent mycotoxin that causes severe abdominal cramping, vomiting, and diarrhea when consumed raw

41
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci

A

causes pneumocystis pneumonia; common in HIV+ patients

Microbiology Exam 3 (7 decks)

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