Chapter 17 - Therapy

Question 1

biomedical therapy

Answer 1

prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patients nervous system

Question 2

eclectic approach

Answer 2

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the clients problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Question 3

psychoanalysis

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patients free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and a therapist interpretations of them – released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self insight

Question 4

resistance

Answer 4

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material

Question 5

interpretation

Answer 5

in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

Question 6

transference

Answer 6

in psychoanalysis, the patients transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

Question 7

client centered therapy

Answer 7

humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist use techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, and empathic environment to facilitate clients growth. (Also called person centered therapy)

Question 8

active listening

Answer 8

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. Feature of Rogers client centered therapy

Question 9

behavior therapy

Answer 9

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

Question 10

counterconditioning

Answer 10

behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapy and aversive conditioning

Question 11

exposure therapy

Answer 11

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxiety by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to things they fear and avoid

Question 12

systematic desensitization

Answer 12

A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias

Question 13

virtual-reality exposure therapy

Answer 13

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

Question 14

aversive conditioning

Answer 14

A type of counterconditioning that associates and unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

Question 15

token economy

Answer 15

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

Question 16

cognitive therapy

Answer 16

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

Question 17

cognitive behavior therapy

Answer 17

A popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

Question 18

Family therapy

Answer 18

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views and individuals unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

Question 19

meta-analysis

Answer 19

The procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

Question 20

psychopharmacology

Answer 20

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

Question 21

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 21

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target D2 dopamine receptors

Question 22

electroconvulsive therapy

Answer 22

A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

Question 23

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer 23

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress Brain activity

Question 24

psychosurgery

Answer 24

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

Question 25

lobotomy

Answer 25

now rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm Uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobe to the emotion controlling centers of the inner brain

Question 26

psychotherapy

Answer 26

emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties