Chapter 17 - The Nervous System And Behavioural Disorders Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
AD
A
Alzheimer disease.
Right ear
2
Q
ANS
A
Autonomic nervous system
3
Q
CNS
A
Central nervous system
4
Q
CP
A
Cerebral palsy
5
Q
CSF
A
Cerebrospinal fluid
6
Q
CVA
A
Cerebrovascular accident
7
Q
EEG
A
Electroencephalogram
Electroencephalograph(y)
8
Q
LOC
A
Level of consciousness
9
Q
LP
A
Lumbar puncture
10
Q
MS
A
Multiple sclerosis
Mitral stenosis
11
Q
OCD
A
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
12
Q
PNS
A
Peripheral nervous system
13
Q
PTSD
A
Posttraumatic stress disorder
14
Q
TIA
A
Transient ischemic attack
15
Q
Carrying toward a given point.
Sensory neurons/nerves carry impulses to CNS
A
Afferent
16
Q
Middle layer of meninges
A
Arachnoid mater
17
Q
Division of nervous system that regulates involuntary activities, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, glands. Visceral nervous system.
A
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
18
Q
Fibre of neuron that conducts impulses away from cell body
A
Axon
19
Q
Nervous tissue contained within cranium, made up of cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum.
A
Brain
20
Q
Part of brain that is made of midbrain, pons, medulla, oblongata
A
Brainstem
21
Q
Brain and spinal cord
A
Central nervous system (CNS)
22
Q
Posterior portion of brain dorsal to pons and medulla. Help coordinate movement and maintain balance and posture
A
Cerebellum
23
Q
Cerebrum’s thin surface layer of gray matter
A
Cerebral cortex
24
Q
Large upper portion of the brain. Divided into two hemispheres by longitudinal fissure
A
Cerebrum
25
Watery fluid that circulates in/around the brain and spinal cord as protection
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
26
Twelve pairs of nerves that are connected to the brain
Cranial nerves
27
Fibre of a neuron that conducts impulses toward the cell body
Dendrite
28
Part of brain that contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland. Located between cerebrum and brainstem
Diencephalon
29
Strong, fibrous outermost layer of the meninges
Dura mater
30
Carrying away from a given point
| Motor neurons and nerves that carry impulses away from the CNS
Efferent
31
Collection of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS
Ganglion
32
Unmyelinated tissue of nervous system
Gray matter
33
Raised convolution of the surface of the cerebrum
Gyrus
34
Part of brain that controls the pituitary gland, maintains homeostasis
Hypothalamus
35
Any neuron located between a sensory and a motor neuron in a neural pathway
Interneuron
36
Portion of brain that connects with the spinal cord. Has vital centres for control of respiration, heart rate, blood pressure. Medulla
Medulla oblongata
37
The three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
38
Part of brainstem between diencephalon and the pons. Has centres for coordination of reflexes for vision and hearing
Midbrain
39
Producing movement
| Neurons carry impulses away from CNS
Motor
40
Whitish, fatty substance that surrounds certain axons of the nervous system
Myelin
41
Connective-tissue cells of the nervous system. Glial cells
Neuroglia
42
Basic unit of the nervous system. A nerve cell
Neuron
43
Chemical that transmits energy across a synapse
| Epinephrine, acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine
Neurotransmitter
44
Bundle of nerve cell fibres outside CNS
Nerve
45
Part of automatic nervous system that reverses the response to stress and restores homeostasis
(Slow heart rate, respiration rate, stimulates activity of digestive, urinary, reproductive systems)
Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)
46
Innermost layer of the meninges
Pia mater
47
Rounded area of the ventral surface of the brainstem. Contain fibres that connect regions of the brain
Pons
48
Simple, rapid, autonomic response to stimulus
Reflex
49
Branch of spinal nerve that connects with the spinal cord
| Dorsal root joins dorsal gray horn of spinal cord : ventral root joins ventral gray horn of spinal cord
Root
50
Describe neurons that carry impulses toward CNS
Sensory
51
Division of nervous system that controls skeletal muscles (voluntary)
Somatic nervous system
52
Nervous tissue contained within the spinal column, from medulla oblongata to lumbar vertebrae 2
Spinal cord
53
31 pairs of nerves that connect with the spinal cord
Spinal nerves
54
Shallow, furrow/groove
| On surface of cerebrum
Sulcus
55
Part of autonomic nervous system that mobilses a response to stress
(Increase heart rate, respiration rate, more blood to skeletal muscles)
Sympathetic nervous system
56
Junction between two neurons
Synapse
57
Part of brain that receives all sensory impulses, EXCEPT for smell and directs them to the correct part of cerebral cortex
Thalamus
58
Bundle of nerve cell fibres within CNS
Tract
59
Small cavity
Ventricle
60
Autonomic nervous system
Visceral nervous system
61
Myelinated tissue of the nervous system
White matter
62
neur/o
neur/i
Nervous system, nervous tissue, nerve
63
gli/o
Neuroglia
64
gangli/o
ganglion/o
Ganglion
65
mening/o
meninge/o
Meninges
66
myel/o
Spinal cord, bone marrow
67
radicul/o
Spinal nerve root
68
encephal/o
Brain
69
cerebr/o
Cerebrum (brain)
70
cortic/o
Cerebral cortex, outer portion
71
cerebell/o
Cerebellum
72
thalam/o
Thalamus
73
ventricul/o
Cavity, ventricle
74
medull/o
Medulla oblongata, spinal cord
75
psych/o
Mind
76
narc/o
Stupor, unconsciousness
77
somn/o
somn/i
Sleep
78
-phasia
Speech
79
-lalia
Speech, babble
80
-lexia
Reading
81
-plegia
Paralysis
82
-paresis
Partial paralysis
83
-lepsy
Seizure
84
-phobia
Persistent, irrational fear
85
-mania
Excited state, obsession
86
Form of dementia caused by atrophy of cerebral cortex. Presenile dementia
Alzheimer disease (AD)
87
Starchlike substance of unknown composition that accumulates in the brain in alzheimer and other diseases.
Amyloid
88
Localized abnormal dilution of a blood vessel that results from weakness of the vessel wall, aneurysm may burst eventually
Aneurysm
89
Specifically lost/defect in speech communication. Applied to range of language disorders
Aphasia
90
Neuroglia tumor composed of astrocytes
Astrocytoma
91
Bruise to surface of the brain due to a blow to the head
Cerebral contusion
92
Sudden damage to head due to reduction of cerebral blood flow. Stroke
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
93
State of deep unconsciousness, one cannot be aroused
Coma
94
Injury resulting from violent blow/shock
Concussion
95
State of reduced comprehension, coherence, reasoning ability resulting in inappropriate responses to environmental stimuli
Confusion
96
Damage to brain on side opposite the point of a blow as a result from the brain hitting the skull
Contrecoup injury
97
Series of violent, involuntary muscle contractions.
Tonic convulsion involves prolonged contraction of the muscles
Clonic convulsion there is alternation of contraction and relaxation
Convulsion
98
Gradual and usual irreversible loss of intellectual function
Dementia
99
Obstruction of blood vessel by a blood clot or other material carried in circulation
Embolism
100
Inflammation of brain
Encephalitis
101
Accumulation of blood in epidural space
Epidural hematoma
102
Chronic disease involving periodic sudden burst of electric activity from the brain, cause seizures
Epilepsy
103
Tumor of neuroglia cells
Glioma
104
Partial paralysis or weakness of one side of the body
Hemiparesis
105
Paralysis of one side of the body
Hemiplegia
106
Increased accumulation of CSF in or around the brain as a result of obstruction to flow.
Hydrocephalus
107
Insufficient or nonrestorative sleep despite ample opportunity to sleep
Insomnia
108
Tumor of meninges
Meningioma
109
Inflammation of meninges
Meningitis
110
Dementia caused by chronic cerebral ishemia due to multiple small strokes. Progressive loss of cognitive function, memory, judgement, altered motor and sensory function
Multi-infarct dementia (MID)
111
Chronic progressive disease involving loss of myelin in CNS
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
112
Brief, uncontrollable episodes of sleep during the day
Narcolepsy
113
Tumor of the sheath of a peripheral nerve, schwannoma
Neurilemoma
114
Temporary or permanent loss of function.
Flaccid paralysis involves loss of muscle tone and reflexes and degeneration of muscles
Spastic paralysis involves excess muscle tone and reflexes but NO degeneration
Paralysis
115
Disorder originating in basal ganglia and characterized by slow movements, tremor, rigidity, masklike face. Parkinson disease
Parkinsonism
116
Sudden attack, as seen in epilepsy
Seizure
117
Acute viral infection that follows nerve pathways causing small lesions on the skin. Herpes zoster
Shingles
118
Brief periods of breathing cessation during sleep
Sleep apnea
119
Sudden interference with blood flow in one or more cerebral vessels leading to oxygen deprivation and necrosis of brain tissue
Stroke
120
Accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater
Subdural hematoma
121
Development of blood clot within a vessel
Thrombosis
122
Shaking or involuntary movement
Tremor
123
Surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
Carotid endarterectomy
124
Radiographic study of the blood vessels of the brain after injection of a contrast medium
Cerebral angiography
125
Amplification, recording, interpretation of electrical activity of the brain
Electroencephalography (EEG)
126
Drug used in treatment of Parkinson’s. Levodopa
L-dopa
127
Puncture of subarachnoid space in lumbar region of the spinal cord to remove spinal fluid for diagnosis or to inject anesthesia. Spinal tap
Lumbar puncture
128
Simultaneous monitoring of variety of physiologic functions during sleep to diagnose sleep disorders
Polysomnography
129
Feeling fear, worry, uneasiness, dread
Anxiety
130
Behavioural condition on a continuum with autism that may include difficulty with social interactions, and understanding strong specific interests and repetition behaviours
Asperger syndrome
131
Condition that begins in childhood and is characterized by attention problems, easy boredom, impulsive behaviour, hyperactivity
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
132
Disorder of unknown cause consist of self-adsorption, lack of response to social contact and affection, preoccupations, stereotyped behaviour, resistance to change
Autism
133
Form of depression with episodes of mania. Maniac depressive illness
Bipolar disorder
134
False belief inconsistent with knowledge and experience
Delusion
135
Mental state characterized by profound feelings of sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, lack of interest or pleasure in activities
Depression
136
Mild form of depression that usually develops in response to a serous life event
Dysthymia
137
False perception unrelated to reality or external stimuli
Hallucination
138
State of elation, which may include agitation, hyper excitability, or hyperactivity
Mania
139
Condition associated with recurrent and intrusive thoughts, images, and repetitive behaviours preformed to relieve anxiety
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
140
Form of anxiety disorder marked by episodes of intense fear
Panic disorder
141
Mental state characterized by jealously , delusions of persecutions or perceptions of threat or harm
Paranoia
142
Extreme persistent fear of specific object or situation
Phobia
143
Persistent emotional disturbance that follows exposure to life-threatening catastrophic events, trauma, abuse, natural disasters, warfare
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
144
Mental disorder extreme enough to cause gross misperception of reality with delusions and hallucinations
Psychosis
145
Poorly understood group of severed mental disorders with features of psychosis, delusions, hallucinations, withdrawn or bizarre behaviour
Schizophrenia
