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Ambers Medical Terminology > Chapter 15 - The Female Reproductive System; Pregnancy And Birth > Flashcards

Chapter 15 - The Female Reproductive System; Pregnancy And Birth Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

D&C

A

dilatation and curettage

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2
Q

GYN

A

Gynecology

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3
Q

hCG

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

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4
Q

HPV

A

Human papillomavirus

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5
Q

IUD

A

Intrauterine device

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6
Q

IVF

A

In vitro fertilisation

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7
Q

LMP

A

Last menstrual period

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8
Q

NICU

A

Neonatal intensive care unit

Neurologic intensive care unit

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9
Q

OB

A

Obstetrics

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10
Q

PID

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

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11
Q

PMS

A

Premenstrual syndrome

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12
Q

TSS

A

Toxic shock syndrome

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13
Q

Usually meaning the lower narrow portion (neck) of uterus. Cervix uteri.

A

Cervix

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14
Q

Small erectile body anterior to urethral opening

A

Clitoris

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15
Q

Prevention of pregnancy

A

Contraception

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16
Q

Small yellow structure that develops from Graafian follicle after ovulation, that secretes estrogen and progesterone.

A

Corpus luteum

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17
Q

Blind pouch. (Recess between rectum and uterus, rectouterine pouch, pouch of Douglas)

A

cul-de-sac

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18
Q

Inner lining of uterus

A

Endometrium

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19
Q

Group of hormones that produce female characteristics, prepare uterus for fertilized egg. Most active is estradiol.

A

Estrogen

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20
Q

Tube that extends from upper lateral portion of uterus that carries ovum to uterus. Oviduct. Uterine tube.

A

Fallopian tube

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21
Q

Long finger like extensions of oviduct that wave to capture released ovum

A

Fimbriae

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22
Q

Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary that acts on gonads.

Female- stimulates ripening of ova in ovary

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

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23
Q

Arch like space (uppermost wall of vagina and cervix)

A

Fornix

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24
Q

Cluster of cells in which ovum ripens ovary. Ovarian follicle

A

Graafian follicle

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25
Q

Two large folds of skin that form sides of vulva

A

Labia majora

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26
Q

Two small folds of skin within labia majora

A

Labia minora

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27
Q

Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary, acts on gonads.

Female - stimulates ovulation and formation of corpus luteum.

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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28
Q

Specialized gland capable of secreting milk in female. The breast

A

Mammary gland

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29
Q

First menstrual cycle, occurs during puberty

A

Menarche

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30
Q

Cessation of menstrual cycles in female

A

Menopause

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31
Q

Child discharge of blood and mucosal tissues from lining of the non pregnant uterus. Menstrual period. Menses.

A

Menstruation

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32
Q

Muscular walls of uterus

A

Myometrium

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33
Q

Female gonad

A

Ovary

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34
Q

Tube extend from upper lateral portion of uterus that carries ovum to the uterus. Fallopian tube. Uterine tube.

A

Oviduct

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35
Q

Release of mature ovum from ovary

A

Ovulation

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36
Q

Female gamete or reproductive cell

A

Ova

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37
Q

Region between thighs from external genitals to the anus

A

Perineum

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38
Q

Hormone produced by corpus luteum and placenta that maintains the endometrium for pregnancy

A

Progesterone

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39
Q

Surgical constriction of oviducts to produce sterilization

A

Tubal ligation

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40
Q

Organ that receives fertilized egg and maintains the developing offspring during pregnancy

A

Uterus

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41
Q

Muscular tube between cervix and vulva

A

Vagina

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42
Q

External female genitalia organs

A

Vulva

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43
Q

gyn/o

gynec/o

A

Woman

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44
Q

men/o

mens

A

Month, menstruation

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45
Q

oo

A

Ovum, egg cell

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46
Q

ov/o

ovul/o

A

Ovum, egg cell

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47
Q

ovari/o

A

Ovary

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48
Q

oophor/o

A

Ovary

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49
Q

salping/o

A

Oviduct, tube

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50
Q

uter/o

A

Uterus

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51
Q

metr/o

metr/i

A

Uterus

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52
Q

hyster/o

A

Uterus

53
Q

cervic/o

A

Cervix, neck

54
Q

vulv/o

A

Vulva

55
Q

episi/o

A

Vulva

56
Q

perine/o

A

Perineum

57
Q

clitor/o

clitorid/o

A

Clitoris

58
Q

mamm/o

A

Breast, mammary gland

59
Q

mast/o

A

Breast, mammary gland

60
Q

Infection with fungus Candida.

A

candidiasis

61
Q

Painful/difficult menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

62
Q

Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus

A

endometriosis

63
Q

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

A

Fibroid

64
Q

Benign tumor of smooth muscle in uterine wall.

A

Leiomyoma

65
Q

Condition caused by spread of infection from reproductive tract into pelvis cavity

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

66
Q

Inflammation of oviduct

A

Salpingitis

67
Q

Inflammation of vagina

A

Vaginitis

68
Q

Instrument for examining vagina and cervix

A

Colposcope

69
Q

Removal of cone tissue from lining of cervix for cytology can examination. Conisation

A

Cone biopsy

70
Q

Procedure in which cervix is dilated and lining of uterus is scraped with curette

A

Dilation and curettage (D&C)

71
Q

Surgical removal of uterus

A

Hysterectomy

72
Q

Radiographic study of breast for detection of breast cancer

A

Mammography

73
Q

Excision of breast to eliminate malignancy

A

Mastectomy

74
Q

Excision of ovary

A

Oophorectomy

75
Q

Study of cells collected from cervix and vagina for early detection of cancer. Papanicolaou smear. Pap test

A

Pap smear

76
Q

Surgical removal of oviduct

A

Salpingectomy

77
Q

Biopsy of first lymph nodes to receive drainage from a tumor

A

Sentinel-node biopsy

78
Q

Needle biopsy using a computer guided imaging system to locate suspicious tissue and remove samples for study

A

Stereotactic biopsy

79
Q

Membranous sac filled with fluid that holds the fetus. Amnion

A

Amniotic sac

80
Q

Outermost layer of embryo that with endometrium forms placenta

A

Chorion

81
Q

Breast fluid that’s secreted in first few days after giving birth before milk is produced.

A

Colostrum

82
Q

Fetal blood vessel that connects pulmonary artery with descending aorta, allowing blood to bypass lungs.

A

Ductus arteriosus

83
Q

Stage in development between zygote and fetus. From second to eighth week of growth in uterus

A

Embryo

84
Q

Union of ovum and spermatozoon

A

Fertilisation

85
Q

Developing child in uterus from third month to birth

A

Fetus

86
Q

Small hole in septum between atria in fetal heart that allows blood to pass directly from right to left sides of heart

A

Foramen ovale

87
Q

Period of development from conception to birth

A

Gestation

88
Q

Pregnant woman

A

Gravida

89
Q

Hormone secreted by embryo early in pregnancy that maintains the corpus luteum so that it contains to secrete hormones

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

90
Q

Secretion of milk from mammary glands

A

Lactation

91
Q

Pituitary hormone that stimulates contractions of uterus and release of milk from breasts

A

Oxytocin

92
Q

Woman who has produced a viable offspring

A

Para

93
Q

Childbirth. Labor

A

Parturition

94
Q

Organ composed of fetal and maternal tissues that nourishes developing fetus

A

Placenta

95
Q

Group of hormones with varied effects, include stimulation of uterine contractions

A

Prostaglandins

96
Q

Structure that connects fetus to placenta. Contains vessels that carry blood between mother and fetus.

A

Umbilical cord

97
Q

Fertilized ovum

A

Zygote

98
Q

amino

A

Amnion, amniotic sac

99
Q

embry/o

A

Embryo

100
Q

fet/o

A

Fetus

101
Q

toc/o

A

Labor

102
Q

nat/i

A

Birth

103
Q

lact/o

A

Milk

104
Q

galact/o

A

Milk

105
Q

gravida

A

Pregnant women

106
Q

Para

A

Woman who has given birth

107
Q

Termination of a pregnancy before fetus is capable of surviving outside the uterus

A

Abortion

108
Q

Congenital absence of a brain

A

Anencephaly

109
Q

Congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening

A

Atresia

110
Q

An individual who has unexpressed genetic defect that can be passed to his or her children

A

Carrier

111
Q

Congenital separation of upper lip

A

Cleft lip

112
Q

Congenital split in roof of mouth

A

Cleft palate

113
Q

Disorder that is present at birth. Developmental or hereditary

A

Congenital disorder

114
Q

Convulsions and coma occurring during pregnancy or after delivery and associated with conditions of pregnancy induced hypertension

A

Eclampsia

115
Q

Development of the fertilized ovum outside the body of the uterus.

A

Ectopic pregnancy

116
Q

Disease that results from Rh incompatibility between blood of mother and fetus.
Mother produces antibody to destroy fetus Rh

A

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)

117
Q

Inflammation of breast

A

Mastitis

118
Q

Change in genetic material of cell

A

Mutation

119
Q

Premature separation of placenta. Abruptio placentae

A

Placental abruption

120
Q

Placenta that is attached in lower portion of uterus instead of upper portion.

A

Placenta previa

121
Q

Toxic condition of late pregnancy associated with hypertension, edema, proteinuria, may lead to eclampsia. Preeclampsia. Toxemia of pregnancy.

A

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

122
Q

German measles. Cross placenta and cause fetal abnormalities.

A

Rubella

123
Q

Congenital defect in the closure of the spinal column through which spinal cord membrane may project

A

Spina bifida

124
Q

Factor that causes developmental abnormalities in fetus

A

Teratogen

125
Q

Transabdominal puncture of amniotic sac to remove amniotic fluid for testing.

A

Amniocentesis

126
Q

Removal of chorionic cells through cervix for prenatal testing
Happen earlier then amniocentesis

A

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

127
Q

Widening of cervix and removal of conception products by suction

A

Dilation and evacuation (D&E)

128
Q

Picture of chromosomes of a cell arranged in order of decreasing size.

A

Karyotype

129
Q

Use of high frequency sound waves to produce a photograph of an organ or tissue. Can diagnose pregnancy.

A

Ultrasonography

Ambers Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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