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Ambers Medical Terminology > Chapter 13 - The Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - The Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

ADH

A

Antidiuretic hormone

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2
Q

ARF

A

acute respiratory failure

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3
Q

CRF

A

chronic renal failure

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4
Q

ESRD

A

end-stage renal disease

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5
Q

GFR

A

glomerular filtration rate

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6
Q

GU

A

genitourinary

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7
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelography

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8
Q

Na

A

Sodium

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9
Q

SG

A

specific gravity

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10
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

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11
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

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12
Q

Hormone released from pituitary gland that causes water reabsorption in kidneys. Concentrate urine.

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

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13
Q

Substance increases blood pressure. Activated in blood by renin, which is enzyme produced in kidneys

A

Angiotensin

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14
Q

Cuplike cavity in pelvis of kidney. Calix

A

Calyx

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15
Q

Hormone produced by kidney,stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)

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16
Q

Cup shaped structure at beginning of nephron, surrounds glomerus, receives material filtered out of blood. Bowman’s capsule

A

Glomerular capsule

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17
Q

Fluid and dissolved material that filters out of blood and enter nephron through glomerular capsule

A

Glomerular filtrate

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18
Q

Cluster of capillaries within glomerular capsule

A

Glomerulus

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19
Q

Organ of excretion . Filters blood, forms urine which contains metabolic waste and other products to regulate water, electrolyte balance, pH body fluids

A

Kidney

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20
Q

Voiding of urine. Urination.

A

Micturition

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21
Q

Microscopic functional unit of the kidney. Work with blood vessels, filters blood and balances composition of urine

A

Nephron

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22
Q

Outer portion of kidney

A

Renal cortex

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23
Q

Inner portion of kidney. Includes parts of nephrons and ducts that transport urine.

A

Renal medulla

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24
Q

Expanded upper end of ureter that receives urine from kidney

A

Renal pelvis

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25
Triangular structure in the medulla of kidney, made of loops and collecting ducts of nephrons.
Renal pyramid
26
Enzyme produced by kidney that activates angiotensin in blood
Renin
27
Triangle at base of bladder formed by openings of two ureters and urethra
Trigone
28
Return of substances from glomerular filtrate to blood through peritubular capillaries
Tubular reabsorption
29
Main nitrogenous waste in urine
Urea
30
Tube carries urine from kidney to bladder
Ureter
31
Tube carries urine from bladder to outside of body
Urethra
32
Organ that stores and eliminates urine excreted by kidneys
Urinary bladder
33
Fluid excreted by kidneys. Contains water, electrolytes, urea, metabolic wastes, pigments.
Urine
34
ren/o
Kidney
35
nephr/o
Kidney
36
glomerul/o
Glomerulus
37
pyel/o
Renal pelvis
38
cali/o- calic/o-
Calyx
39
ur/o
Urine, urinary tract
40
urin/o
Urine
41
ureter/o
Ureter
42
cyst/o
Urinary bladder
43
vesic/o
Urinary bladder
44
urethr/o
Urethra
45
Excessive acidity of body fluids
acidosis
46
Presence of bacteria in urine
bacteriuria
47
Solid mould of renal tube found in urine
Cast
48
Inflammation of urinary bladder
Cystitis
49
Painful/difficult urination
Dysuria
50
Inflammation of kidney primarily involving glomeruli
Glomerulonephritis
51
Presence of blood in urine
Hematuria
52
Collection of urine in renal pelvis caused by obstruction. Nephrohydrosis. Nephydrosis.
Hydronephrosis
53
Deficiency of potassium in blood
Hypokalemia
54
Deficiency of sodium in blood
Hyponatremia
55
Decreased amount of protein in blood
Hypoproteinemia
56
Excess amount of potassium in blood
Hyperkalemia
57
Excess amount of sodium in blood
Hypernatremia
58
Condition that results from glomerular damage leading to loss of protein in urine(proteinuria)
Nephrotic syndrome
59
Elimination of small amounts of urine
Oliguria
60
Presence of protein(albumin) in urine
Proteinuria
61
Inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney
Pyelonephritis
62
Pus in urine
Pyuria
63
Radiating pain in region of kidney associated with passage of a stone
Renal colic
64
Toxic levels of nitrogen containing substances (urea) in the blood
Uremia
65
Inflammation of urethra
Urethritis
66
Stoppage of urine flow
Urinary stasis
67
Introduction of tube into passage way
Catheterisation
68
Instrument for examining inside of urinary bladder. Remove objects, for surgery, etc.
Cystoscope
69
Separation of substances by passage through semipermeable membrane.
Dialysis
70
Removal of unwanted substances from blood by passage through semipermeable membrane
Hemodialysis
71
Intravenous urography
Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
72
Radiographic visualization of urinary tract after intravenous administration of a contrast medium that is excreted in urine
Intravenous urography (IVU)
73
Crushing of a stone
Lithotripsy
74
Removal of unwanted substances from body by introduction of a dialysing fluid into peritoneal cavity followed by removal of fluid
Peritoneal dialysis
75
Pyelography in which contrast medium is injected into kidneys by way of ureters
Retrograde pyelography
76
Weight of substance compared with weight of equal volume of water.
Specific gravity (SG)
77
Laboratory study of urine. Physical, chemical, microscopic appearance all included.
Urinalysis
78
Surgical removal of all or part of urinary bladder
Cystectomy
79
Diversion of urine by connecting ureters to isolated segment of ileum. Ileal bladder.
ileal conduit
80
Incision of organ to remove stone (calculus)
Lithotomy
81
Surgical implantation of a donor kidney into patient
Renal transplantation

Ambers Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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