Chapter 17: Nose, Mouth and Throat

Question 1

thrush

Answer 1

oral candidiasis in the newborn

Question 2

plaque

Answer 2

soft, whitish debris on teeth

Question 3

parotid glands

Answer 3

pair of salivary glands in the cheeks in front of the ears. swell with mumps

Question 4

papillae

Answer 4

rough, bumpy elevations on dorsal surface of tongue

Question 5

Koplik spots

Answer 5

small, blue-white spots with red halo over oral mucosa; early sign of measles

Question 6

aphthous ulcers

Answer 6

“canker sores”; small, painful, round ulcers in the oral mucosa of unknown cause

Question 7

buccal

Answer 7

pertaining to the cheek

Question 8

candidiasis

Answer 8

(moniliasis) white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to superficial fungal infection

Question 9

caries

Answer 9

decay in teeth

Question 10

cheilitis

Answer 10

red, scaling, shallow, painful fissures at corners of mouth

Question 11

choanal atresia

Answer 11

closure of nasal cavity due to congenital septum between nasal cavity and pharynx

Question 12

crypts

Answer 12

indentations on surface of tonsils

Question 13

epistaxis

Answer 13

nosebleed, usually from anterior septum

Question 14

epulis

Answer 14

nontender, fibrous nodule of the gum

Question 15

Fordyce granules

Answer 15

small, isolated white or yellow papules on oral mucosa

Question 16

gingivitis

Answer 16

red, swollen gum margins that bleed easily

Question 17

herpes simplex

Answer 17

“cold sores”; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into pustules, usually at lip-skin junction

Question 18

leukoplakia

Answer 18

chalky white, thick, raised patch on sides of tongue; precancerous

Question 19

nose health promotion

Answer 19

-limit nasal sprays
-humidified air
-remove allergens
-keep clean
-avoid smoking
-prevent obstruction

Question 20

CN VII

Answer 20

facial: taste, lip closure

Question 21

CN IX

Answer 21

glossopharyngeal: gagging, swallowing

Question 22

CN X

Answer 22

vagus: speech, gagging, swallowing

Question 23

CN XII

Answer 23

hypoglossal: tongue, speech

Question 24

tonsillar grading scale

Answer 24

1+ visible

2+ halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula

3+ touching the uvula

4+ tonsils are touching one another (emergent!)

Question 25

mouth health social determinants

Answer 25

-education level
-income
-neighborhood
-access to healthcare services

Question 26

pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 26

adenoids, in the nasopharynx

Question 27

malocclusion

Answer 27

remaining teeth shift after tooth loss

Question 28

leukoedema

Answer 28

benign, milky, bluish white opaque appearance of the buccal mucosa that occurs commonly in African Americans

Question 29

polyps

Answer 29

benign growths that accompany chronic allergies. smooth, pale gray, avascular, mobile, nontender

Question 30

nasal turbinates

Answer 30

warm the inhaled air

Question 31

sinitus

Answer 31

acute infection

Question 32

appearance of chronic allergy mucosa

Answer 32

swollen, boggy, pale, and gray

Question 33

rhinitis

Answer 33

nasal mucosa is swollen and bright red with URI

Question 34

circumoral pallor occurs with:

Answer 34

-shock
-anemia

Question 35

cyanosis occurs with:

Answer 35

hypoxemia and chilling

Question 36

cherry red lips occurs with:

Answer 36

carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 37

acidosis occurs with:

Answer 37

-aspirin poisoning
-ketoacidosis

Question 38

lead and bismuth poisoning

Answer 38

dark line on gingival margins

Question 39

gingival hyperplasia

Answer 39

crevices between teeth and gums, pockets of debris

Question 40

malocclusion

Answer 40

poor biting relationship, protrusion of upper or lower incisors

Question 41

indurated

Answer 41

hardened