Chapter 17: Lifespan Populations Flashcards
Obesity
An abnormal or excessive accumulation of bodyfat that may cause additional health risks.
Screen Time
The time spent using a device such as a computer, television, smartphone, or games console.
Motor Skills
The ability to learn and manage the process of moving the body in a coordinated way.
Social Stigmatization
The disapproval of, or discrimination against, a person based on perceivable social characteristics.
Bullying
An unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance.
Dysfunctional Eating Patterns
May include behavior commonly associated with eating disorders, such as food restriction, binge eating, and purging.
Cognitive Functioning
An intellectual process by which one becomes aware of, perceives, or comprehends ideas.
Puberty
The period of hormonal change in an adolescent where they reach sexual maturity.
Sensitive Period
A time or stage in a person’s development when they are more responsive to external stimuli and quicker to learn particular skills.
Parallel Play
A form of play in which children play adjacent to each other, but do not try to influence one another’s behavior.
Scaffolding
A process in which teachers model or demonstrate how to solve a problem, and then step back, offering support as needed.
Gross Motor Skills
The abilities required in order to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, crawling, and other activities.
Positive Reinforcement
Including a favorable outcome, event, or reward after a child completes a desired behavior or action.
Adolescent Growth Spurt
A rapid increase in the individual’s height and weight during puberty.
Personal Development
Activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and potential, build human capital and facilitate employability, enhance the quality of life, and contribute to the realization of dreams and aspirations.
Weight-Bearing Exercise
Activities that move one’s own body weight against gravity.
Egocentric
Thinking only of oneself, without regard for the feelings or desires of others.
Imaginary Audience
An individual imagines and believes that multitudes of people are enthusiastically listening to or watching them.
Hyperthermia
The condition of excessively high body temperature.
Presidential Youth Fitness Program
A comprehensive school-based program that promotes health and regular physical activity for America’s youth.
Fitnessgram
A noncompetitive standard performance assessment to measure aerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition.
Senescence
The process or state of growing old.
Chronological Age
The number of years a person has lived.
Functional Capacity
The capability of performing tasks and activities that people find necessary or desirable in their lives.
Activities of Daily Living
The tasks usually performed in the course of a normal day in a person’s life, such as eating, toileting, dressing, bathing, or brushing the teeth.
Sarcopenia
The degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass.
Dynapenia
The age-associated loss of muscle strength that is not caused by neurologic or muscular disease.
Baby Boomers
A person born in the years following World War II, when there was a temporary marked increase in the birth rate.
Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of at least three biochemical and physiological abnormalities associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Frailty
An increased vulnerability resulting from aging-associated decline in reserve and function across multiple physiologic systems
Sleep Apnea
A disorder of breathing during sleep.
Comorbidities
The simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a person.
Parkinson’s Disease
A progressive disease of the nervous system marked by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow, imprecise movement.
Osteoporosis
A skeletal condition that results in weak or brittle bones.
Functional Fitness Test for Seniors
A simple, easy-to-use battery of test items that assess the functional fitness of older adults.
Alzheimer’s Disease
A progressive mental deterioration that can occur in middle or old age, due to generalized degeneration of the brain.
Prenatal
Occurring or existing before birth.
Postpartum
The period of time following childbirth.
Progesterone
Female hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and is crucial for pregnancy.
Relaxin
A sex hormone that facilitates birth by causing relaxation of the pelvic ligaments.
Hypermobility
The condition of having excessive amounts of range of motion in a joint or joints.
Diastasis
The separation of the large abdominal muscles during pregnancy.
Placenta Previa
A condition in which the placenta partially or wholly blocks the neck of the uterus, thus interfering with normal delivery of a baby.
Preeclampsia
A condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria.
Gestational Diabetes
A condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy, typically resolving after birth.
Disability
A physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities.
Impairment
The state of being diminished, weakened, or damaged, especially mentally or physically.
Activity Limitation
The quantitative and qualitative measure of disability referring to difficulties experienced by an individual in executing a task or action.
Participation Restrictions
A problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations.
Inclusion
The act of including into a group, involvement and empowerment, where the inherent worth and dignity of all people are recognized.
Adaptive Physical Fitness
The art and science of developing, implementing, and monitoring a carefully designed physical fitness program for a person with a disability.
Congenital
Relating to a disease or physical abnormality present from birth.
