Chapter 16: Chronic Conditions Flashcards
Hypertension
High blood pressure reading more than 140/90 mm Hg.
Blood Pressure
The force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries during the two phases of the cardiac cycle.
Systolic
The pressure in blood vessels when the heart beats (ventricular contraction).
Diastolic
The pressure in blood vessels when the heart rests (ventricular filling).
Stroke
When the blood flow to the brain is interrupted long enough to cause damage.
Risk Factors
Variables associated with increased risk of disease or infection.
Postexercise Hypotension
A drop in blood pressure in the first minutes after an exercise session.
Hereditary
Relating to the biological process responsible for passing on traits from one generation to another.
Millimeters of Mercury
The measure of a unit of pressure.
Normal Systolic Blood Pressure
Less than 120 mm Hg
Prehypertension Systolic Blood Pressure
120–139 mm Hg
Hypertension Systolic Blood Pressure
140 mm Hg or higher
Normal Diastolic Blood Pressure
Less than 80 mm Hg
Prehypertension Diastolic Blood Pressure
80–89 mm Hg
Hypertension Diastolic Blood Pressure
90 mm Hg or higher
Obesity
An abnormal or excessive accumulation of bodyfat that may cause additional health risks.
Diabetes
A condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood.
Atherosclerosis
The buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in the artery walls.
Concurrent Training
Including both cardiorespiratory exercise and resistance training into a fitness program.
Competency
The ability to do something successfully or efficiently.
Autonomy
The need for self-governance and control over one’s own behaviors.
Syncope
Temporary loss of consciousness related to insufficient blood flow to the brain.
Valsalva Maneuver
The act of forcibly exhaling with a closed windpipe, where there is no air that is exiting via the nose or mouth.
Beta blockers
One of the most widely prescribed classes of drugs to treat hypertension.