Chapter 17: infectious diseases

Question 1

Meningoecephalitis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the meninges (hersenvliezen) and brain parenchyma.

Question 2

Meningitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of the meninges and the spinal cord. Lower risk of cognitive impairment than in encephalitis. Symptoms are mental slowness and MCI.

Question 3

Encephalitis

Answer 3

Can cause memory impairments and executive dysfunction.

Question 4

Abcess

Answer 4

The cognitive symptoms depend on the location of the abcess, but most people do recover from their cognitive symptoms.

Question 5

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE)

Answer 5

Can cause aphasia and amnesia, because of the brain damage that can result from the virus.

Question 6

Tick-borne encephalitis

Answer 6

Causes inflammation of the brain, meninges and spinal cord and can cause symptoms like headache, decreased consciousness, drowsiness, altered behavior, memory loss, nausea en dizziness. Patients suffer long-term problems with memory, executive functions and sustained attention.

Question 7

HIV

Answer 7

Can lead to AIDS, which weakens the immune system and makes the CNS more vulnerable to infections. Causes severe cognitive impairment and can lead to AIDS dementia complex (cognition, behavior and motor skills problems).

Question 8

Neurosyphilis

Answer 8

STD that can cause progressive, severe cognitive and psychiatric disorders.

Question 9

Neuroborreliosis (Lyme)

Answer 9

Lyme disease which can cause long-term cognitive problems, fatigue and depression.