Chapter 17

Question 1

trait

Answer 1

anything you can see and hear

Question 2

Aristotle

Answer 2

thought thought eg and sperm contain pangenes from all over the body that develop into that body part

Question 3

Antony van leeuwenhoek

Answer 3

thought there was a mini person in sperm head that developed in the mother

Question 4

Regnier de gaaf

Answer 4

thought the mini person was in the egg and the sperm stimulated it to grow

Question 5

1800s inheritance view

Answer 5

believed that parents traits blend and would not show up in future generations

Question 6

True Breeding Plants

Answer 6

show the same characteristics in each generation

Question 7

Parental generation

Answer 7

the first true breeding plants used to breed

Question 8

First filial generation

Answer 8

offspring of parent generation

Question 9

Second filial generation

Answer 9

offspring of F1

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

the gene characteristics you can see

Question 11

Monohybrid

Answer 11

a cross of two organisms only involving alleles of one trait

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

specific DNA fo each trait

Question 13

Dominent traits

Answer 13

expressed before any other

Question 14

Recessive traits

Answer 14

traits not shown first and show when no dominant trait is present

Question 15

Law of segregation

Answer 15

all individuals have 2 alleles of each gene, the two copies separate randomly when gametes form so each gamtete receives only one allele from each parent

Question 16

alleles

Answer 16

different forms of one gene

Question 17

Homozygous dominant

Answer 17

two of the same dominant alleles

Question 18

Homozygous recessive

Answer 18

two of the same recessive alleles

Question 19

Heterozygous

Answer 19

one dominant allele and one recessive allele

Question 20

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 20

the alleles for different genes segregate independently during gamete formation

Question 21

Dihybrid cross

Answer 21

crossing two different traits at the same time not just alleles of one gene

Question 22

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 22

neither allele can completely hide the other

has 100% the same gene combinations

Question 23

Co-dominance

Answer 23

both alleles are fully expressed and appear together

Question 24

Sutton

Answer 24

the chromosome theory of inheritance

Question 25

Parts of Sutton

Answer 25

genes are carried on chromosomes

alleles come in pairs and segregate independently during gamete formation just like chromosomes

genes on different chromosomes assort independently but genes on the same chromosome do not

Question 26

Linked Genes

Answer 26

genes found on the same chromosome that are close together and don’t assort independently

can only assort independently if there is a cross over btw the two alleles, the genes that are further away are ore likely to be segregated

Question 27

Chromosome Mapping

Answer 27

finding the relative location of genes to each other on a chromosome

Question 28

Recombinant Types

Answer 28

chromosomes with different allele combination in F1 than was present in the parent generation

Question 29

Parental Types

Answer 29

F1 individuals with the same allele combinations as the parens

Question 30

Sex Linked Traits

Answer 30

traits to do with gender and associated with the X and Y chromosome

Question 31

Barr bodies

Answer 31

one of the X chromosomes that is nonfunctioning and deactivated

males and females only have one working X chromosome

Question 32

Carriers

Answer 32

females that are heterozygous for a specific trait on the X chromosome

Question 33

Multiple Alleles

Answer 33

many genes are controlled by more than 2 alleles in a population

exp blood types