Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

8th > Chapter 161 Yeast Infections > Flashcards

Chapter 161 Yeast Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Favored areas of involvement of Candidiasis (6)

A 
Oral mucosa
Lips
Fingers
Nails
Intertriginous zones
Genitalia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common culprit in fatal fungal sepsis

A

Candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Risk factors for Candida infection (5)

A 
Extremes of age
Malnutrition
Obesity
Diabetes
Immune deficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Candidal colonization has been reported in more than ___ of oral mucosa of heathy adults with higer rates of carriage in (2)

A

40%
Women
Smokers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Majority of invasive candidiasis and candidemia

A

Non albicans species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Seen on the third webspace of hands, macerated whitish plaque on erythematous background

A

Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Distinguishing features of candida onychomycosis vs tinea unguium (2)

A

More often seen in fingernails than toenails
Pain on pressure or movement of nail plate
Affects dominant hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ddx for chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

A

Plaque psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Classic clinical triad of candidemia

A

Fever
Rash
Myalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Complications of candidemia

A

Multiorgan failure (liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, meninges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mutations in ___ results in inabilty to induce TH 17 resulting in defect in ability of neutrophils to kill Candida

A

Caspase recruitment domain containing protein 9 (CARD9)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Risk factors for oral candidiasis (6)

A 
Xerostomia
Wearing of dentures or other oral hardware
Inhaled and systemic corticosteroids
Vitamin deficiencies
Radiation therapy to head and neck
Hypothyroidism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Risk factors for invasive candidiasis and candidemia (6)

A 
Neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction (CARD9 mutations)
Hematologic malignancy
Stem cell transplantation
In dwelling intravascular catheters
ICU placement
Immunosuppressive medications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Risk factors for localized/superficial Candida infections (6)

A 
Extremes of age
Obesity
DM
Pregnancy
HIV/AIDS
Broad spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rapid demonstration of Candida infection

A

KOH preparation of pseuddohyphae and budding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of Candida infection

A

Blood cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HPx of localized mucocutaneous candidiasis vs disseminated candidiasis

A

Localized, seen in epidermis with GMS or PAS

Dermal, seen in and aroun dermal blood vessels

18
Q

First line treatment for cutaneous candidiasis

A

Topical imidazole

Topical nystatin

19
Q

First line treatment for chronic paronychia

A

Avoid wet work
Topical corticosteroids
Topical calcineurin inhibitors

20
Q

First line treatment for onychomycosis

A

Oral itraconazole 400mg PO monthly for 4 weeks for fingernails
For 12 weeks for toenails
Oral fluconazole 50mg PO daily
Or 300mg weekly

21
Q

First line treatment for severe/immunosuppressed thrush

A

Fluconazole 150mg PO three times weekly

22
Q

First line treatment for oral thrush

A

Clotrimazole 10mg troches five times daily
Miconazole 50mg buccal tablets 1-2 weeks
Disinfect dentures
Alternative: Nystatin suspension 100,000 units/ml 4-6ml QID for 1-2 weeks

23
Q

First line treatment for Candidal vulvovaginitis

A

Topical miconazole

Topical clotrimazole

24
Q

First line treatment for chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

A

Oral imidazole

Oral triazole for long courses

25
Q

First line treatment for disseminated candidemia for hemodynamically stable immunocompetent patients

A

Echinocandin

Fluconazole

26
Q

First line treatment for disseminated candidemia for neutropenic patients

A 
Empiric echinocandin (caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin)
Switch to fluconazole once stable
27
Q

Colonization of malassezia occurs by age of __ with earlier colonization if associated with length of neonatal ICU stays

A

3-6 months

28
Q

MC isolated species in pityriasis versicolor and Malassezia folliculitis

A

Malassezia globosa

29
Q

MC pathogen of catheter related fungemia in neonates

A

Malassezia pachydermatitis

30
Q

Follicular based erythematous monomorphic papules and pustules on face, trunk, and upper arms

A

Malassezia folliculitis

31
Q

Comedones are also a feature of Pityrosporum folliculitis

True or False

A

False, not

32
Q

Hypopigmentation of P. Versicolor is due to production of

A

Azelaic acid

33
Q

Hyperpigmentation of P. Versicolor is due to production of

A

Increased melanosomes

Thickening of stratum corneum

34
Q

In both PV and Malassezia folliculitis, illumination with a Wood lamp may reveal

A

Yellow green fluorescence

35
Q

In both PV and Malassezia folliculitis, KOH may reveal

A

Ziti and meatball sign

Short hyphae and yeast forms

36
Q

Stains to improve visualization of yeast

A

Calcofluor white

May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain

37
Q

Malassezia produces ___ which provokes inflammation in host

A

Free fatty acids

38
Q

Malassezia produce variety of diseases (5)

A 
Pityriasis versicolor
Malassezia folliculitis
Seborrheic dermatitits
Atopic dermatitis
Neonatal cephalic pustulosis
39
Q

Higher risk for disseminated infection (3)

A

Preterm neonates
Immunosuppressed
Parenteral lipid infusions

40
Q

First line treatments for pityriasis versicolor

A

Topical shampoos with Zn pyrithione and Selenium sulfide
Propylene glycol in aqueous solution
Topical imidazole (ketoconazole)

41
Q

Treatment for prophylaxis of pityriasis versicolor

A

Periodic use of topical shampoos

Itraconazole 200mg BID/monthly for 6 months

42
Q

First line treatment for Malassezia folliculitis

A

Itraconazole 200mg daily for 1-3 weeks

8th (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions