Chapter 16: Treatment for Psychological

Question 1

Psychological Treatments

Answer 1

use of therapy and human interaction to treat mental health

Question 2

Biological Treatments

Answer 2

use of medications, brain simulation and surgical methods to treat mental health

Question 3

psychotherapy

Answer 3

psychological treatment that uses communication to help people change their thoughts, emotions, and behaviours; therapy

Question 4

eclectic psychotherapy

Answer 4

type of psychotherapy that combines multiple theories, approaches, or techniques to treat patients; customizing the treatment plan to the individual needs of each client

Question 5

psychodynamic approach

Answer 5

type of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person’s unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories affect their current behaviour; helping clients gain self-awareness and understand how their past influences their present

Question 6

interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

Answer 6

type of psychotherapy that focuses on improving relationships to relieve mental health symptoms; psychological symptoms are a response to difficulties in relationships with others

Question 7

person-centred therapy (client-centred therapy)

Answer 7

a non-directive approach to therapy that requires the client to actively talk during each therapy session, while the therapist acts mainly source of support for the client

Question 8

gestalt therapy

Answer 8

type of psychotherapy that focuses on the present moment and the individual as a whole, rather than past experiences or specific goals

Question 9

behaviour therapy

Answer 9

set of techniques and treatments that aim to change a person’s responses to situations; replacing unhealthy behaviours with healthy ones, and to
get rid of psychological distress

Question 10

token economy

Answer 10

a behaviour change system that uses tokens to reward desired behaviours and change behaviour

Question 11

exposure therapy

Answer 11

a psychological technique that involves gradually exposing a person to their fears in a safe environment to help reduce fear and anxiety

Question 12

cognitive therapy

Answer 12

type of psychotherapy that involves a therapist and client working together to identify and change negative thought patterns that contribute to a client’s emotions and actions

Question 13

cognitive restructuring

Answer 13

technique that helps people change the way they think about events, thoughts, memories, or beliefs

Question 14

mindfulness meditation

Answer 14

type of meditation that involves paying attention to the present moment without judgment or interpretation; being aware of your thoughts, emotions, body, and surroundings in the present moment

Question 15

cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

Answer 15

a structured, goal-oriented, and time-limited form of psychotherapy that helps people identify and change how their thoughts, feelings, and behaviour; helping patients develop more adaptive ways of thinking and behaving, which can improve their mood and quality of life

Question 16

group therapy

Answer 16

type of psychotherapy where a group of clients meet with a therapist or therapists to discuss problems and interact with each other; improves self-awareness and symptoms

Question 17

biological therapy

Answer 17

altering brain functions through chemicals and physical interventions

Question 18

psychopharmacology

Answer 18

the study of how drugs affect behaviour and cognitive function, and how to use medications to treat mental disorders

Question 19

medications

Answer 19

using drugs that influence neurotransmitter activity to manage symptoms

Question 20

antipsychotic drugs

Answer 20

the main class of drugs used to treat people with schizophrenia; Clozapine, Olanzapine

Question 21

antidepressants

Answer 21

type of medicine used to treat depression, OCD, GAD and PTSD; SSRIs, Prozac

Question 22

antianxiety medications

Answer 22

help reduce the symptoms of anxiety, such as panic attacks or extreme fear and worry; Benzodiazepines

Question 23

mood stabilizers

Answer 23

medications used to treat bipolar disorders

Question 24

phototherapy

Answer 24

exposure to artificial light to address mental health conditions; effective for mood disorders by changes in light exposure, such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

Question 25

brain stimulation

Answer 25

using electricity to activate/inhibit the brain to manage symptoms

Question 26

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 26

A treatment where controlled electrical currents are passed through the brain to cause a brief seizure; helps “reset” brain activity in severe mental health conditions, severe depression

Question 27

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Answer 27

A non-invasive treatment that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain; boosts activity in specific brain areas linked to mood and cognition, moderate depression

Question 28

deep brain stimulation (DBS)

Answer 28

A surgical treatment where electrodes are implanted deep in the brain to regulate abnormal activity; controls brain activity for severe, treatment-resistant neurological or psychiatric conditions, severe OCD or Parkinson’s disease

Question 29

psychosurgery

Answer 29

A surgical procedure that disconnects or destroys brain tissue to treat mental health issues; only used if therapy and medications fail to treat mental disorders

Question 30

placebo

Answer 30

treatment that appears real, but is designed to have no therapeutic benefit; person’s physical or mental health appears to improve after taking it; sugar pill

Question 31

iatrogenic illness

Answer 31

a health problem or adverse condition that is caused unintentionally by medical treatment or healthcare interventions