Chapter 16: The Biology of Modern Homo Sapiens

Question 1

adjustment

Answer 1

the ability of humans to survive in stressful environments by nongenetic means

Question 2

behavioral adjustment

Answer 2

survival in a stressful environment made possible by cultural means primarily technology

Question 3

acclimatory adjustments

Answer 3

reversible physiological adjustments to stressful environments

Question 4

hypothermia

Answer 4

lowered body temperature induced by cold stress

Question 5

critical temperature

Answer 5

the temperature at which the body must begin to resist a lowering of body temperature; occurs in the nude human body at approx. 31 degrees celsius (87.8 degrees farenheit)

Question 6

vasoconstriction

Answer 6

constriction of the capillaries in the skin in response to cold temperatures that prevents much of the warm blood from reaching the surface of the body where heat could be lost

Question 7

basal metabolic rate

Answer 7

the measure of the total energy utilized by the body to maintain those body processes necessary for life; the minimum level of heat produced by the body at rest