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Medical Terminology > Chapter 16 - Special Senses of the Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Chapter 16 - Special Senses of the Eye and Ear Flashcards

section 16.1 & 16.2

1
Q

canthus, canthi (pl.)

A

corner of the eye where the upper and lower lids meet

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2
Q

conjuctiva

A

inner lining of the eyelids

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3
Q

conjunctival (adj)

A

pertaining to the conjunctiva

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4
Q

extrinsic

A

muscles that are located on the the outside of the eye

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5
Q

intrinsic

A

muscles that are located inside the eye

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6
Q

lacrimal

A

pertaining to tears

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7
Q

lacrimal duct

A

carries tears to the conjunctiva

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8
Q

lacrimal sac

A

where tears leave the eye at the medial corner

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9
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose

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10
Q

lysozyme

A

enzyme that dissolves the cell walls of bacteria

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11
Q

orbit

A

the bony socket that holds the eyeball

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12
Q

orbital (adj)

A

pertaining to the orbit

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13
Q

periorbital

A

pertaining to tissues around the orbit

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14
Q

stereopsis

A

three-dimensional vision

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15
Q

tarsus (**different from the foot bones)

A

the flat fibrous plate that gives shape to the outer edges of the eyelids

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16
Q

tarsal (adj)

A

pertaining to the tarsus

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17
Q

ciliary body

A

muscles that make the lens of the eye thicker and thinner

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18
Q

cornea

A

the central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and pupil

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19
Q

iris

A

coloured portion of the eye with the pupil in its centre

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20
Q

lens

A

transparent refractive structure behind the iris

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21
Q

pupil, pupillae (pl.)

A

the opening in the centre of the iris that allows light to reach the lens

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22
Q

pupillary (adj.)

A

pertaining to the pupil

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23
Q

refract (verb)

A

make a change in direction of, or bend, a ray of light

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24
Q

refraction (noun)

A

the change in direction of a ray of light when it passes from one optic medium to another

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25
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball

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26
Q

retinal (adj)

A

pertaining to the retina

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27
Q

sclera

A

fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye

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28
Q

scleral (adj)

A

pertaining to the sclera

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29
Q

sphincter

A

band of muscle that encircles an opening; when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed

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30
Q

aqueous humour

A

watery liquid in the anterior chamber of the eye

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31
Q

chiasm (aka chiasma)

A

X-shaped crossing of the two optic nerves at the base of the brain

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32
Q

choroid

A

region of the retina and uvea

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33
Q

fovea centralis

A

small pit in the centre of the macula that has the highest visual acuity

34
Q

macula lutea

A

yellowish spot on the back of the retina; contains the fovea centralis

35
Q

optic

A

pertaining to vision or the eye

36
Q

optical (adj)

A

pertaining to vision or the eye

37
Q

photoreceptor

A

a photoreceptor cell (cone or rod) receives light and converts it into electrical impulses

38
Q

tract

A

bundle of nerve fibers with a common origin and destination

39
Q

uvea

A

middle coat of eyeball; includes iris, ciliary body, and choroid

40
Q

visual acuity

A

sharpness and clearness of vision

41
Q

vitreous humour

A

a gelatinous liquid in the posterior cavity of the eyeball with the appearance of glass

42
Q

accommodate (verb)

A

to adjust something to make it fit its needs

43
Q

accommodation (noun)

A

the act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs

44
Q

accommodative (adj)

A

willing to adjust to create agreement

45
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

46
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the upper eyelid

47
Q

chalazion

A

cyst on the outer edge of an eyelid caused by a blocked tarsal gland

48
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva

49
Q

contagious

A

able to be transmitted, as infections transmitted from person to person, from person to air, or from surface to person

50
Q

dacryocystitis

A

inflammation of the lacrimal sac

51
Q

dacryostenosis

A

narrowing of the nasolacrimal duct

52
Q

esotropia

A

a turning of the eye inward toward the nose

53
Q

exotropia

A

a turning of the eye outward away from the nose

54
Q

hordeolum aka stye

A

abscess in an eyelash follicle

55
Q

infectious

A

capable of being transmitted, or caused by infection by a microorganism

56
Q

ophthalmia neonatorum

A

conjunctivitis of the newborn

57
Q

paresis

A

partial paralysis

58
Q

ptosis

A

sinking down of an eyelid or an organ

59
Q

strabismus

A

a turning of an eye away from its normal position

60
Q

abrasion

A

area of skin or mucous membrane that has been scraped off

61
Q

cataract

A

complete or partial opacity of the lens

62
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure

63
Q

intraocular

A

pertaining to the inside of the eye

64
Q

photophobia

A

fear of light because it hurts the eyes

65
Q

photophobic (adj)

A

relating to or suffering from photophobia

66
Q

photosensitive (adj)

A

an eye in which light induces pain

67
Q

photosensitivity

A

condition in which light produces pain in the eye

68
Q

leukocoria

A

reflection in pupil of white mass in the eye

69
Q

metastasis, metastases (pl.)

A

spread of disease from one part of the body to another

70
Q

microaneurysm

A

focal dilation of retinal capillaries

71
Q

papilledema

A

swelling of the optic disc in the retina

72
Q

retinoblastoma

A

malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells

73
Q

retinopathy

A

degenerative disease of the retina

74
Q

amblyopia

A

failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain

75
Q

astigmatism

A

inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different planes

76
Q

emmetropia

A

normal refractive condition of the eye

77
Q

hyperopia

A

able to see distant objects but unable to see close objects

78
Q

myopia

A

able to see close objects but unable to see distant objects

79
Q

presbyopia

A

difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age in both sexes

80
Q

tract

A

bundle of nerve fibers with a common origin and destination

Medical Terminology (5 decks)

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