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Medical Terminology > Chapter 16 - Special Senses of the Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Chapter 16 - Special Senses of the Eye and Ear Flashcards

section 16.1 & 16.2

1
Q

canthus, canthi (pl.)

A

corner of the eye where the upper and lower lids meet

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2
Q

conjuctiva

A

inner lining of the eyelids

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3
Q

conjunctival (adj)

A

pertaining to the conjunctiva

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4
Q

extrinsic

A

muscles that are located on the the outside of the eye

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5
Q

intrinsic

A

muscles that are located inside the eye

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6
Q

lacrimal

A

pertaining to tears

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7
Q

lacrimal duct

A

carries tears to the conjunctiva

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8
Q

lacrimal sac

A

where tears leave the eye at the medial corner

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9
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose

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10
Q

lysozyme

A

enzyme that dissolves the cell walls of bacteria

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11
Q

orbit

A

the bony socket that holds the eyeball

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12
Q

orbital (adj)

A

pertaining to the orbit

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13
Q

periorbital

A

pertaining to tissues around the orbit

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14
Q

stereopsis

A

three-dimensional vision

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15
Q

tarsus (**different from the foot bones)

A

the flat fibrous plate that gives shape to the outer edges of the eyelids

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16
Q

tarsal (adj)

A

pertaining to the tarsus

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17
Q

ciliary body

A

muscles that make the lens of the eye thicker and thinner

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18
Q

cornea

A

the central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and pupil

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19
Q

iris

A

coloured portion of the eye with the pupil in its centre

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20
Q

lens

A

transparent refractive structure behind the iris

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21
Q

pupil, pupillae (pl.)

A

the opening in the centre of the iris that allows light to reach the lens

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22
Q

pupillary (adj.)

A

pertaining to the pupil

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23
Q

refract (verb)

A

make a change in direction of, or bend, a ray of light

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24
Q

refraction (noun)

A

the change in direction of a ray of light when it passes from one optic medium to another

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25
retina
light-sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball
26
retinal (adj)
pertaining to the retina
27
sclera
fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye
28
scleral (adj)
pertaining to the sclera
29
sphincter
band of muscle that encircles an opening; when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed
30
aqueous humour
watery liquid in the anterior chamber of the eye
31
chiasm (aka chiasma)
X-shaped crossing of the two optic nerves at the base of the brain
32
choroid
region of the retina and uvea
33
fovea centralis
small pit in the centre of the macula that has the highest visual acuity
34
macula lutea
yellowish spot on the back of the retina; contains the fovea centralis
35
optic
pertaining to vision or the eye
36
optical (adj)
pertaining to vision or the eye
37
photoreceptor
a photoreceptor cell (cone or rod) receives light and converts it into electrical impulses
38
tract
bundle of nerve fibers with a common origin and destination
39
uvea
middle coat of eyeball; includes iris, ciliary body, and choroid
40
visual acuity
sharpness and clearness of vision
41
vitreous humour
a gelatinous liquid in the posterior cavity of the eyeball with the appearance of glass
42
accommodate (verb)
to adjust something to make it fit its needs
43
accommodation (noun)
the act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs
44
accommodative (adj)
willing to adjust to create agreement
45
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
46
blepharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyelid
47
chalazion
cyst on the outer edge of an eyelid caused by a blocked tarsal gland
48
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
49
contagious
able to be transmitted, as infections transmitted from person to person, from person to air, or from surface to person
50
dacryocystitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac
51
dacryostenosis
narrowing of the nasolacrimal duct
52
esotropia
a turning of the eye inward toward the nose
53
exotropia
a turning of the eye outward away from the nose
54
hordeolum aka stye
abscess in an eyelash follicle
55
infectious
capable of being transmitted, or caused by infection by a microorganism
56
ophthalmia neonatorum
conjunctivitis of the newborn
57
paresis
partial paralysis
58
ptosis
sinking down of an eyelid or an organ
59
strabismus
a turning of an eye away from its normal position
60
abrasion
area of skin or mucous membrane that has been scraped off
61
cataract
complete or partial opacity of the lens
62
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure
63
intraocular
pertaining to the inside of the eye
64
photophobia
fear of light because it hurts the eyes
65
photophobic (adj)
relating to or suffering from photophobia
66
photosensitive (adj)
an eye in which light induces pain
67
photosensitivity
condition in which light produces pain in the eye
68
leukocoria
reflection in pupil of white mass in the eye
69
metastasis, metastases (pl.)
spread of disease from one part of the body to another
70
microaneurysm
focal dilation of retinal capillaries
71
papilledema
swelling of the optic disc in the retina
72
retinoblastoma
malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells
73
retinopathy
degenerative disease of the retina
74
amblyopia
failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain
75
astigmatism
inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different planes
76
emmetropia
normal refractive condition of the eye
77
hyperopia
able to see distant objects but unable to see close objects
78
myopia
able to see close objects but unable to see distant objects
79
presbyopia
difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age in both sexes
80
tract
bundle of nerve fibers with a common origin and destination

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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