Chapter 16 Psych

Question 1

Kian would like to get a prescription for medication that will help him with his social anxiety. Which of the following professionals should Kian book an appointment with to get a prescription?

• a psychiatrist
• a counselling psychologist
• a clinical social worker
• a clinical psychologist

Answer 1

-a psychiatrist

Question 2

What is the main reason that people who need help with a mental illness don’t seek treatment?

there is no treatment available for mental illness

it takes too long

it is too expensive

the stigma associated with mental illness

Answer 2

the stigma associated with mental illness

Question 3

Ashton is playing a trivia game with his psychology study group. In this game, his team needs to identify the ‘false’ fact among a set of facts about treatment for mental illness. Which of the following facts should Ashton choose as FALSE?

most patients in therapy are treated as out-patients

diagnoses for depression or anxiety constitute 3/4 of the diagnoses of mental illness

2/3 of today’s therapy patients are female

1 in 10 Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime

Answer 3

1 in 10 Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime

Question 4

Unfortunately, Hilda has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder and is seeking treatment. What is the best type of therapy for Hilda?

drug therapy

humanistic therapy

behaviour therapy

cognitive-behavioural therapy

Answer 4

drug therapy

Question 5

Leo recently visited a psychiatrist to receive treatment for his mental health issues. The psychiatrist prescribed Leo medication that will increase levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. What disorder is Leo most likely receiving treatment for?

schizophrenia

depression

panic disorder

bipolar disorder

Answer 5

depression

Question 6

Bindhu is suffering from an anxiety disorder and is considering taking medications for it. What is the main thing that Bindhu should worry about?

the effects of anti-anxiety medications last a long time

anti-anxiety medications take a long time to work

anti-anxiety medications have a high risk of dependence

anti-anxiety medications typically don’t work

Answer 6

anti-anxiety medications have a high risk of dependence

Question 7

Bailey’s sister has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and is being treated in the hospital. When Bailey visits her, she notices that her sister is showing some involuntary repetitive movements in her hands and tongue. What is most likely wrong with Bailey’s sister?

Parkinson’s disease

she received a lobotomy

she is recovering from ECT

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 7

tardive dyskinesia

Question 8

Brian has been dealing with major depression for years now, and nothing he has tried has worked. He has been on different types of medications, and he has tried different types of talk therapies and group therapies. Nothing has worked, and now Brian is ready to give up and is having thoughts of suicide. What is the best treatment for Brian at this point?

lobotomy

mood stabilizers

ECT

a different kind of antidepressant

Answer 8

ECT

Question 9

Betty is suffering from severe depression and her doctors want to use ECT as a treatment tool. What side effect should Betty be concerned about?

she may experience insomnia

she may feel more anxious afterward

she may have some memory loss

she may have an increase in appetite

Answer 9

she may have some memory loss

Question 10

• can cause obesity and diabetes
• includes Thorazine and Risperdal
• decreases the activity of dopamine

Answer 10

antipsychotics

Question 11

• includes Paxil and Zoloft

- different types include SSRIs, tricyclics, and MAO inhibitors

Answer 11

antidepressants

Question 12

• improves symptoms of depression in roughly 2/3 of patients

- uses a brief electrical current to case a seizure in the brain

Answer 12

electroconvulsive therapy

Question 13

• can be used to treat depression and OCD

- an implanted electrical pulse generator stimulates a specific region of the brain

Answer 13

deep brain stimulation

Question 14

• uses a magnetic field to stimulate a precise region of the frontal lobes
• gradually improves symptoms of depression over a series of treatments

Answer 14

transcranial magnetic stimulation

Question 15

• can decrease alertness and cause drowsiness
• decreases the activity of excitatory synapses
• includes Valium and Xanax

Answer 15

anti-anxiety drugs

Question 16

the least used of the biomedical treatments

Answer 16

psychosurgery

Question 17

Celeste is in therapy. Her therapist asks her to provide a running dialogue of her thoughts and feelings, without concern of what he might think of her. The idea behind this technique is that they will learn the underlying case of Celeste’s problem.

Answer 17

free association

Question 18

Julian has been visiting a clinical psychologist to help him with some problems he’s been having. At the sessions with the psychologist, Julian is encouraged to share his uncensored thoughts in a continuous stream of words.

Answer 18

free association

Question 19

Charlie is discussing with his therapist how competitive hockey is, and how his dad pushed him over the years. Suddenly, Charlie starts yelling at the therapist and pointing at him as if he was Charlie’s dad, saying “You pushed me too far! I was just a little kid and I wanted to do other things!”

Answer 19

transference

Question 20

During a therapy session, Angelique discusses her past relationship with her father. While discussing this, she begins to get angry at the therapist for asking more questions about the relationship, implying that the relationship issues were the therapist’s fault.

Answer 20

transference

Question 21

Curtis has been going to therapy for a few months now and has never missed an appointment. Suddenly in the last week, he has arrived late once and cancelled the next appointment.

Answer 21

resistance

Question 22

Which of the following statements about psychodynamic therapies is FALSE?

psychodynamic therapies were the first to argue that traumatic events in childhood can affect later adult mental health

psychodynamic therapies believe that reaching catharsis is effective at resolving repressed conflicts

psychodynamic therapies served as the foundation for many other psychological therapies

there is ample empirical evidence for the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies

Answer 22

there is ample empirical evidence for the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies

Question 23

Hayley suffers from an intense fear of snakes. It has gotten so extreme that she cannot go outside in the summer for fear that a snake will be there. Which type of therapy should Hayley try?

drug therapy

behaviour therapy

existential therapy

psychodynamic therapy

Answer 23

behaviour therapy

Question 24

For which of the following problems would you NOT seek a behaviour therapist’s help?

bipolar disorder

social deficits

phobias

intellectual disabilities

Answer 24

bipolar disorder

Question 25

Which of the following behavioural therapies is based on classical conditioning?

aversion therapy

modelling

token economy

rational-emotive therapy

Answer 25

aversion therapy

Question 26

You have always been terrified of spiders. You decide to seek the help of a therapist to overcome this phobia. In your first session, your therapist teaches you how to deeply relax and asks you to write down a list of situations involving spiders that scare you, ranked from least fearful to most fearful.

Answer 26

systematic desensitization

Question 27

You have always been scared of snakes. You decide to seek the help of a therapist to overcome this phobia. In your first session, your therapist puts you in a bathtub that is full of snakes and makes you stay there until you are no longer afraid. At first, you can hardly breath you’re so scared, but after 20 minutes of not being attacked by any snakes and feeling exhausted from your own anxiety, your fear dissipates.

Answer 27

flooding

Question 28

Donald suffers from a shoe fetish that is making it difficult for him to function in his daily life, so he turns to therapy for help. The therapist has him look at photos of shoes and non-shoes while he is hooked up to a machine that measures his pulse and another machine that can deliver shocks. If his pulse rises above resting level for any shoe picture, then he receives a brief but relatively painful shock.

Answer 28

aversion therapy

Question 29

Flora remembered to hang her jacket up before she came in the house so she earned a sticker for that. Unfortunately, she argued about having to go to bed when it was bedtime, so she lost a sticker for that. At the end of the day, the total number of stickers she earned could be traded in for a prize, or saved up to work toward a larger prize in the future.

Answer 29

token economy

Question 30

Which of the following is a criticism of behaviour therapy?

any change that does occur will likely remain long-term

it is not an effective therapy for some disorders

it is only useful to treat phobias, otherwise it is not an effective treatment

it is lacking empirical evidence for its effectiveness

Answer 30

it is not an effective therapy for some disorders

Question 31

Dr. Martinez is working with a client who has depression. This client tends to withdraw from their social life, which can then increase their feelings of sadness and hopelessness. To help this client, Dr. Martinez works with them to set realistic goals to engage in more social activities and encourages them to identify and challenge negative thoughts. What type of therapy is Dr. Martinez practicing in this scenario?

cognitive-behavioural therapy

mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

client-centred therapy

behavioural therapy

Answer 31

cognitive-behavioural therapy

Question 32

Match each of the following examples with the most appropriate type of cognitive-behavioural therapy.

Grant, a mechanic, assumes that his skills aren’t good enough for the posted mechanic’s position, so he doesn’t bother applying. His therapist, however, sees that Grant’s skills are more than adequate, and he just has to change what he believes about himself on the inside.

Answer 32

Ellis’ rational-emotive therapy

Question 33

Match each of the following examples with the most appropriate type of cognitive-behavioural therapy.

Polly has been sad and listless for the last month, unable to find her zest in life. She decides to see a therapist, and after some conversation, she learns that she constantly tells herself that she’s ugly and stupid, and she sees others as mean and deceitful, and she doesn’t think the future holds anything good. The therapist works with her to make her automatic thought patterns more positive.

Answer 33

Beck’s cognitive therapy

Question 34

Match each of the following examples with the most appropriate type of cognitive-behavioural therapy.

Ella is suffering from road range whenever she does her commute to and from work. She decides to seek therapy for the problem. Ella’s therapist focuses on helping her become more aware of her thoughts while she is raging, while at the same time, learning to accept these thoughts.

Answer 34

mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Question 35

Edgar is discussing cognitive-behavioural therapies with his psychology professor. His psychology professor points out that although it doesn’t work for everyone, cognitive-behavioural therapy has been proven effective for treating a number of psychological problems. Edgar points out one more limitation, impressing his professor. Which of the following was the limitation of cognitive-behavioural therapies that Edgar pointed out?

they focus on what is wrong with the individual instead of focusing on positive qualities

they are very costly and take a long time

it isn’t always clear that maladaptive thoughts are at the center of the problem

they ignore unconscious thoughts as an influence on behaviour

Answer 35

it isn’t always clear that maladaptive thoughts are at the center of the problem

Question 36

Francine has started seeing a humanistic therapist to help her deal with her depression. What is likely to be the goal of their therapy session?

to help Francine change her maladaptive behaviour

to help Francine to look at her situation more accurately and acceptingly

to uncover the unconscious conflicts that are leading to Francine’s symptoms

to make Francine accountable and responsible for her own happiness

Answer 36

to help Francine to look at her situation more accurately and acceptingly

Question 37

Match each of the following with the most appropriate type of humanistic therapy. (Rogers’ client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy)

• often done in groups
• uses role-playing

Answer 37

Gestalt therapy

Question 38

Match each of the following with the most appropriate type of humanistic therapy. (Rogers’ client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy)

• empathy
• genuiness
• unconditional positive regard

Answer 38

Rogers’ client-centered therapy

Question 39

A major advantage of the humanistic approach to therapy is that it:

gives us a window into the unconscious mind

is very easy to research empirically

focuses attention on positive qualities

has much supporting evidence for its effectiveness

Answer 39

focuses attention on positive qualities

Question 40

Gia has a problem with alcohol and has decided to seek help. She finds a local Alcoholics Anonymous and attends one of their meetings, just to check it out. She notices that there are roughly a dozen people at the meeting, all of them alcoholics, and that there is no counsellor. What kind of therapy would this be considered?

self-help group

group therapy

family therapy

community mental health treatment

Answer 40

self-help group

Question 41

According to a meta-analysis of 375 separate controlled studies on the effectiveness of various therapies. results showed that the average therapy client was better off than __________ of untreated control clients.

50%

75%

65%

90%

Answer 41

75%

Question 42

Match each of the following examples with the most effective type of therapy. (behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, drug therapy)

• Justin experiences extreme mood swings where he will go weeks in a state of depression interspersed with a few days when he is full of energy and feels elated.
• Clark is convinced that aliens are speaking to him through the TV and that he has a special mission to save humanity from an imminent attack.

Answer 42

drug therapy

Question 43

Match each of the following examples with the most effective type of therapy. (behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, drug therapy)

Lori is terrified of elevators and cannot go near one without hyperventilating and breaking out into a cold sweat.

Answer 43

behavioural

Question 44

Match each of the following examples with the most effective type of therapy. (behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, drug therapy)

Abbie has lost her zest for life, and spends most of her time under the blankets sleeping.

Gladys suddenly feels an intense wave of anxiety hit her without warning, making her believe she is having a heart attack.

Cory feels anxious all the time, and as a result, is unable to eat, sleep, or concentrate on anything.

Answer 44

cognitive-behavioural