Chapter 16 - Clinical Psychology

Question 1

paul meehl

Answer 1

compared clinical prediction with statistical predictions. he wanted to know which one would better predict the behavior people will display. he concluded that statistical predictions were better

Question 2

molly harrower

Answer 2

helped solve the problem about training clinical psychologists

Question 3

hermann rorschach

Answer 3

interested in the effects of mental states on perception, which he defined as consisting of three processes: sensation, memory, and association

Question 4

david shakow

Answer 4

stressed the importance of determining both the nature and origin of a patient’s conditions, especially the underlying psychological dynamics and possible outcomes

Question 5

scientist-practitioner model of clinical training

Answer 5

• diagnosis: determine what is wrong. find strengths and weaknesses of the clients
• research: academic research
• therapy: be able to provide it

Question 6

george albee

Answer 6

argued against the model, claiming that clinical psychology focused too much on medical training, which puts too much attention on the individual causes for the illness. the training should be focused on the community

Question 7

community psychology

Answer 7

a field that studies the social and environmental factors that contribute to mental illness

Question 8

hans eysenck

Answer 8

condemned the inclusion of psychotherapy as a function of clinical psychology. he was doubtful that clinical psychology worked

Question 9

joseph wolpe

Answer 9

believed that psychoanalysis was ineffective. he said it was better to address behavior directly

Question 10

behavioral therapy

Answer 10

uses systematic desensitisation. looks at the consequences and not the causes

Question 11

systematic desensitisation

Answer 11

a technique that combines relaxation exercises with step-by-step exposure to feared stimuli

Question 12

aaron beck

Answer 12

did not like psychoanalysis and he developed cognitive theory of depression

Question 13

cognitive therapy

Answer 13

goal is to challenge the schemas and try to change how depressed people view the world. beck found that cognitive therapy worked

Question 14

albert ellis

Answer 14

developed rational emotional theory, which targets irrational beliefs and tries to change them with the idea to react less strongly to adversity. the goal is to teach clients how to change their attitude and beliefs

Question 15

ABC model

Answer 15

adversity leads to consequence through beliefs

Question 16

Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory

Answer 16

was developed by Starke Hathaway. she was more interested in the statistical part of the picture, so the MMPI is a whole set of statements used to compare statistically people with mental health problems from people without mental health problems

Question 17

meehl

Answer 17

a psychologist who joined Hathaway and expanded the view. he looked at the whole profile of people across the inventory to see if he could predict who has problems and who did not