Chapter 16: Atlantic Revolutions (1750-1914)

Question 1

Popular sovereignty (the core political idea)

Answer 1

Authority to govern come from people not gods or tradition

Question 2

Except for Haiti, what was the main beneficiary of the revolutions?

Answer 2

Middle class white men

Question 3

The North American Revolution, 1775-1787

Answer 3

~ conservative political movement
~ directed at England
~ began when Americans resisted britains attempt to impose new taxes and trade control on colonies
~ resented British attempts to control the west
~ colonists weren’t represented in British parliament

Question 4

Why did the British impose new tax on the Americans

Answer 4

They needed global money for their war in France

Question 5

All revolutions (Haiti, Latin America, North America, Europe)

Answer 5

~ influence each other
~ grew out of European enlightenment
~ saw traditional ways of thinking nonimportant

Question 6

The French Revolution (1789-1815)

Violent

Answer 6

~ civil war
~ government was facing bankruptcy
~ social class divided into three estates that didn’t give many privileges to third estate & bourgeoisie
~ read enlightenment philosophies and saw the American revolution and began to apply to their own situation
~ didn’t want to pay taxes

Question 7

Problems that created the French Revolution (1789-1815)

Answer 7

~ nobles began to refuse to pay taxes 
~ bourgeoise resentment to the king 
~ king Louis incompetence 
~ bad harvest for peasants 
~ bourgeoise created National Assembly

Question 8

The hairs in revolution (1791-1804)

Answer 8

~ French Caribbean colony
~ French Revolution sparked spiral of violence
~ massive slave revolt
~ revolt led by Louverture
~ only completely successful slave revolt
~ declared equality for all races
~ Haitis success generated fear and hope for others

Question 9

Latin American revolutions, 1810-1825

Answer 9

~ inspired by earlier revolutions
~ began with subordinated Amerindians & blacks
– Creoles offended by monarchy efforts to control them

Question 10

Why was the Latin American revolution limited at first?

Answer 10

~ little tradition of self government 
~ society more authoritarian with stricter class divisions

Question 11

Why was the Latin American revolution longer than north Americas?

Answer 11

~ Societies were torn by class, race, and religion

~ fear of social rebellion shaped independence

Question 12

Aftermath of Spanish American Revolution

Answer 12

~ lower classes, native Americans, and slaves got little Independence
~ proved Impossible to unite Spanish colonies
~ relation with North America reserved
~ countries were underdeveloped and improvised and unstable