Chapter 16 - Anesthesia

Question 1

General anesthesia

Answer 1

Drug induced loss of consciousness

Question 2

Regional anesthesia

Answer 2

Loss of sensation in a region of the body such as , spinal, epidural, nerve block

Question 3

Spinal anesthesia

Answer 3

Anesthetic agent is injected into the subarachnoid space, into the CSF, in the patient’s spinal canal for surgeries performed below the upper abdomen

Question 4

Epidural anesthesia

Answer 4

Anesthetic agent is injected in the epidural space. A small catheter may be place for continuous epidural. Can also remain for post-operative pain.

Question 5

Nerve block

Answer 5

An anesthetic agent is injected directly into the area around a nerve to block sensation for the region the surgery is being performed. Commonly used for procedures on the arms and legs

Question 6

Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)

Answer 6

Patient is under light sedation or no sedation while undergoing surgery with local anesthesia provided by the surgeon. Patient can respond to purposeful stimulation and maintain their own airway. Monitored by anesthesia provider prepared to convert MAC to general anesthesia

Question 7

One Lung Ventilation (OLV)

Answer 7

One lung is ventilated and the other lung is collapsed to improve surgical access to the lung or thoracic cavity.

Question 8

Pump oxygenator

Answer 8

When a cardiopulmonary bypass machine is used to function as the heart and lungs during a heart or great vessel surgery.

Question 9

Intraperitoneal

Answer 9

Organs within the peritoneal cavity. Upper abdomen organs are stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, jejunum, ascending and transverse colon. Lower abdomen organs are appendix, cecum, ileum, and sigmoid colon

Question 10

Extraperitoneal organs

Answer 10

Ureters, urinary bladder, kidneys, adrenal glands, lower esophagus