Chapter 16 Adverse Weather And Hazardous Conditions

Question 1

Define windshear

Answer 1

Any abrupt changes in wind along the flight oath that is sufficient enough to displace the aircraft

Question 2

Define low altitude windshear?

Answer 2

Windshear along the final approach path, runway, on takeoff or on initial climb out

Question 3

How is a windshear recognised?

Answer 3

• IAS variations of more than 15kts
• GS variations
• variations of wind direction and speed
• unexpected ROD/ROC of more than 500ft
• pitch attitude variation of more than 5 degrees
• glide slope deviation of more than 1 dot
• heading variations of more than 10 degrees
• unusual auto throttle or throttle lever position

Question 4

What are the corrective actions when enco7ntering windshear?

Answer 4

• TOGA
• follow FD or fly close to stall warning
• no change in config until out of windshear
• keep autopilot on
• level wings (unless turn is required)

Question 5

When is a rwy classed as contaminated?

Answer 5

More than 25% of rwy covered by:

• more than 3mm deep of water
• slush, loose snow with an equivalnetn depth of 3mm or more
• compacted snow
• ice (wet and dry)

Question 6

Define a damp runway

Answer 6

When surface isn’t dry but moisture changes the surface colour

Question 7

Define a wet rwy

Answer 7

When the rwy surface is covered with water or equivalent less than 25%, or when there is sufficient water for surface to be reflective but without significant areas of standing water

Question 8

What is the spin down hydroplaning speed formula?

Answer 8

Speed (kts) = 9 * sqrt P

Where p = psi

Question 9

What is the spin up hydroplaning speed formula?

Answer 9

Speed (kts) = 7.7 * sqrt P

Where p = psi

Question 10

How many digits does and estimated surface friction code have?

Answer 10

1

Question 11

How many digits does a measured surface friction code have?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

Outline the surface friction code categories

Answer 12

40 and above (5) = good
39-36 (4) = medium/good
35-30 (3) = medium
29-26 (2) = medium/poor
25 and below (1) = poor

9 = unreliable

Question 13

How long is a SNOWTAM valid for?

Answer 13

24 hours

Question 14

What are the three main factors which combine to give the strongest vortices?

Answer 14

• heavy ac
• flying slow
• in clean config

Question 15

What should be turned on in turbulence?

Answer 15

Seat belts sign

Question 16

If the seat belt sign isn’t on who can tell the captain and when?

Answer 16

Senior cabin crew member can suspend non safety related task and inform cpt

Question 17

Where are bird strikes most likely to occur?

Answer 17

At critical stages of flight

Question 18

How do you avoid bird strikes?

Answer 18

• gently pitch up if possible

- use all lights

Question 19

Where can info on bird activity and bird strikes be found?

Answer 19

• pilot reports
• local ATC
• ATIS
• BIRDTAMs

Question 20

Who must pilots report bird activity to?

Answer 20

ATC

Question 21

Who must you report a bird strike to?

Answer 21

The authority

Question 22

How can bird activity be reduced?

Answer 22

Careful management of airport habitat

Question 23

Within what distance of an airport must authorities consider the environments in pact on bird activity?

Answer 23

13km

Question 24

What are the 4 bird dispersal method?

Answer 24

• using birds of prey
• firing pyrotechnic cartridges
• playing recorded bird calls
• long grass policy