Chapter 16 Flashcards
Identify the main discoveries of the scientific revolution and why they were important
It repeated experiments to ensure equal results; used conclusions from what they observed; used barometers , microscopes, telescopes, air palms and thermometers
Who is Copernicus
Argued that the universe was not geocentric; instead the solar system rotates around the sun – Heliocentric theory
Who is Galileo
Helped prove Copernicus’s theory; used a telescope to observe the stars
Who is Kepler
Also helped prove Copernicus’s theory; used math and models
Who is Vesalius
Created a seven volume book detailing the human anatomy
Who is Descartes
“I think, therefore I am”
Leader of the scientific revolution
What technological improvements led to European exploration
Improved maps, invention of the compass, ships, commercial revolution, mercantilism, and colonies
What was the commercial revolution and how did it affect exploration
They were coins with fix values; allowed for constant system of exchange
Who was Dias
Bartholomew became the first European to sail around the Cape of good hope
Who is Da Gama
Fasco became the first European to sail to India
Who is Christopher Columbus
Wanted to find a new way to Asia by sailing west word; on October 12, 1492 Columbus landed on what he called San Salvador he thought he landed on the island east to India actually in America
Who is this Vespucci
Amerigo made the trip across the Atlantic many times; he did not believe the land was part of Asia; America is named after him
Who is balboa
Crossed Panama and discovered the Pacific Ocean
Who is Magellan
Led an expedition
How did the slave trade affect the economies of both the Americas and Europe
Goods such as cotton and rum were brought to Africa in exchange for slaves; slaves were brought to America; instead of European slaved they used Africans
Identify conquistadors and what they conquered
Herman Cortes – invaded monezumas Aztec empire controlled much of Mexico
Francisco Pizarro – his main conquered the Incan empire
Who is Charles the fifth
Member of the house birds, took the Spanish throne of Spain, became a holy Roman emperor, split leadership cost Spain, he declined he had two big of an area to rule alone; split up the empire
Who is Philip the second
Called for Spanish Inquisition to stamp out protestants and other non-Catholics started the Spanish Amanda which was the attempt to capture England and they failed
How did the Dutch rise
Philip treated his dutch subjects harshly, and 1568 William of Orange lead a revolt against fill up, under William the northern provinces were able to declare independence
What was the impact of Columbus’s voyage on the world
Trade between Europe and America continually grew; new European settlements begin to pop up in the Americas
Know the route of the explorers
Christopher Columbus – across the Atlantic to the Caribbean
Vasco – sailed around the southern tip of Africa to India
Francis – sailed around the world after Magellan
Ferdinand – first to sale completely around the world
Who studied the circulatory system
William Harvey
Who believed that science needed to be observed and physically demonstrated
Francis Bacon
Who developed calculus
Gottfried liebeitz and Isaac newton
