Chapter 14

Question 1

Identify and explain what happened in the first Crusade

Answer 1

1st-Christian armies made it to the Holy Land where the crusaders beat the muslims;**Eurpeans weren’t prepared and wore wool and leather with heavy army and lacked food and water—- soon slaughtered all the muslim and jewish inhabitants

Question 2

Identify and explain what happened in the second Crusade

Answer 2

Muslims retook Edessa; King Louis got them to the Holy Land (took forever ) muslims defeated them—- Louis II of France and Conrad III of Germany led them– failed

Question 3

Identify and explain what happened in the third Crusade

Answer 3

Muslims retook Jerusalem; King Richard and Phillip II took back Acre. They soon got sick and retreated —- Frederick Barabossa, Richard the lion hearted and Phillip the II vs. Saladin

Question 4

Identify and explain what happened in the forth Crusade

Answer 4

Didn’t make it to the Holy Land; got to many ships that had to pay off dept; took constantinople where they found the Latin Kingdom and never went to go find the Holy Land —– called for by Pope Innocent III; cause major disaster– crusades attack and loot christian cities

Question 5

Describe the events leading up to the First Crusade

Answer 5

During the 1000’s the Seliq Turks gained palenytine >they then moved to constantinople> called on Pope Urban for help»> he got the feudal lords of Europe to join together to fight for the Holy Land

Question 6

Whats the definition of Crusade

Answer 6

Series of military expeditions to regain the Holy Land

Question 7

Was the third crusade a victory or failure

Answer 7

Victory because they had a truce which allowed christians into the Holy Land

Question 8

Identify the leaders of the 3rd Crusade for both the Christian and the Muslim

Answer 8

Frederick Barabossa, Richard the Lion Hearted, Phillip the 2nd * Christian&raquo_space;»> Saladin ***Muslim

Question 9

Identify some of the major effects the Crusades had on European society

Answer 9

Crossbow, undermine walls with catapult, fewer lords, kings gained power, feudalism ended, ideas and trade 1

Question 10

Identify the four basic rights of townspeople

Answer 10

Freedom- anyone who lived in a town for a year and a day became free; this including serfs who exscaped from a manor to a town
Exemption- townspeople won the right of being exempt/ free from ever having to work on the manor
Town Justice- Towns had their own courts. leading citizens tried cases that involved townspeople
Commercial Privileges- townspeople could sell goods freely in the town market, they could also change tolls to outsiders who wanted to trade there

Question 11

Explain why trade grew after the Crusade

Answer 11

They wanted Asain goods: cotton, cloth, linen, medicines, silks, spices, arts, fruit, grain, rugs

Question 12

How did trade expand throughout Europe? Identify the major trading cities and leagues

Answer 12

Cities: Pisa, Genea, Venice&raquo_space;> Italy Germany««< Bremen, Ha,nurg, lubeck=== the Hanseatic league
*** Trading posts: England, Flanders, Russia, Scandinavia

Question 13

How did money affect the development of banking

Answer 13

Money changers were the first bankers. they would loan money with interest> Bills of exchange were used like checks
**began to exchange currencies based on different rates of their area

Question 14

What was the effect of the plague on Europe

Answer 14

25 million (1/3 OF ENGLAND) people died> people lost their faith in God, Lower class had a number shortage and demanded higher wages: peasant uprising

Question 15

How did the guilds help create a Middle Class

Answer 15

Guild- associations that contained workers that united> this made the middle class. They were below the nobles but above peasants and unskilled workers> they would gain power by giving king advice> kings would grant them government job

Question 16

Explain the importance of the vernacular

Answer 16

meant everyday speech … blah blah look on sheet

Question 17

Who are some of the important vernacular writers

Answer 17

Dante Alighieri- Wrote in Tuscan Italian dialect 
-Known as the father of modern Italian 
-Wrote the Divine comedy 
Geoffrey Chaucer- English writer 
-wrote the canterbury tales 
-used an early form of modern english

Question 18

What happened during the Hundred’s years war

Answer 18

1328 capetian ruler died> King Edward III held land on France

• He wanted to be king
• france chose Phillip VI (the count of flanders)
• Edward moved armies toward the flanders; lasted for 116 years (England LOST)

Question 19

What was the War of the Roses and what were the results from it

Answer 19

War of the English throne— between the house of York (White) House of Lancaster (Red)—— Red roses won and Henry Tudor became kings

Question 20

What was the importance of Joan of Arc

Answer 20

He helped unite the country under charles VII

pushed the english out

Question 21

What was the Babylonian Captivity

Answer 21

After Boniface died, Phillip had a french Bishop elected pope
-Clement V then moved the headquarters for the Chuch to Avigon France

Question 22

What is the Great Schism

Answer 22

• Cardinals elected 2 popes
• First was Italian to satisfy people of Rome
• Second was French who continued to live in Avignon
• Church was divided into 2 people

Question 23

What did the Babylonian Captivity and the Great Schism do to the church’s overall power and reputation

Answer 23

LOOK AT NOTES