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Physical Well-Being > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q 
Self-assessment
•Symptoms are often an expression of the body’s attempt to 
? itself
•Carefully observing them lets you identify those that suggest 
you need ? assistance
Knowing when to see a physician:
•See a physician for symptoms that are:
•Severe
•?
•Persistent
•?
A
  • heal
  • professional
  • unusual, recurrent
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2
Q 
Patience and careful self-observation:
-? options
-Self-medication
-?drugs that can be 
purchased without a prescription
A
  • nondrug

- over-the-counter (OTC) drugs medications

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3
Q 
Guidelines to self-medicating safely:
-try to buy ? drugs
-Store your medications in a ? place
-se special caution with aspirin
•Risk of ? syndrome in children and adolescents
A
  • generic
  • cool, dry
  • Reye’s syndrome
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4
Q

-?mainstream health care
-(CAM):
those therapies not part of conventional medicine
-?combines nonmainstream and conventional
medicine
-?replacement for conventional medicine
-?has also become widely accepted
•Conventional methods given priority
•CAM ? (technique or form) may be included if it could
have additional benefits

A
  • conventional medicine
  • complementary and alternative medicine
  • complementary
  • alternative
  • integrative medicine
  • modality
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5
Q

Standard Western medicine; ?
•Disease is caused by identifiable physical factors
•Every disease is defined by signs and ?
•Similar in most patients
•Disease can be caused by either ? or ? factors
•Relies heavily on ?, surgery, and advanced
medical technology

A
  • biomedicine
  • symptoms
  • internal, external
  • pharmaceuticals
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6
Q

-Research process employs (RCTs)
Conclusions may be enhanced by a ? that
combines data from two or more methodologically
similar RCTs

A
  • randomized controlled trials

- meta-analysis

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7
Q

-is a biologically inactive substance a patient
believes is an effective therapy for his or her condition
-occurs when a patient improves after
receiving the placebo
-difference in outcome between the placebo
and the experimental treatment
Consistently, 30 to 40% of all patients given a placebo
show some ?
•Patients’ ? expectations are likely a factor

A
  • placebo
  • placebo effect
  • treatment effect
  • improvement
  • positive
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8
Q 
Choosing a Specialist:
Use an emergency department or hospital 
recommended by your (PCP)
For non-emergencies you may be limited by your ?
You should be referred by your PCP
A
  • Primary care physician

- insurance plan

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9
Q

-Physician–patient ? is important
-involves the medical history, a
physical exam, and diagnostic testing
-a test result that incorrectly detects a disorder
or condition
-a test result fails to correctly detect a disease
or condition

A
  • partnership
  • diagnostic process
  • false positive
  • false negative
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10
Q

Many ? can be done on an ?
•As with prescriptions, ask questions; be sure you understand
what is involved and whether it is ? at all

A
  • elective surgeries
  • outpatient basis
  • necessary
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11
Q

CAM focuses on integration of ?, body, and ? in
seeking ways to restore harmony and health
•? opposite of dualistic, which treats the
mind and body separately
Categories of CAM:
•Alternative medical systems
•Mind–body medicine
•Natural ?products
•? and body-based practices
•Other CAM practices

A
  • mind, spirit
  • holistic health care
  • biologic
  • Manipulative
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12
Q

Alternative Medical Systems
Other complete medical systems
•Traditional Chinese medicine; ?

A

-homeopathy

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13
Q 
Concept of ? (energy) is common to many 
alternative systems
•Disease as an imbalance of energies within the 
body, mind, and spirit
•? (China); vis vitalis (Greek, Roman, European); 
prana (Ayurveda of India)
Whole patient is treated
•Multiple ? and techniques together
A
  • life force
  • Qi
  • remedies
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14
Q

illness viewed as
the result of a problem in the quality, quantity, balance,
or flow of qi, the life force
•Two primary treatment methods: ?
and acupuncture
•Medicinal use of acupuncture is supported by an accumulating
body of scientific evidence

A
  • traditional Chinese medicine

- herbal teas

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15
Q

-treatment with highly diluted substances
to trigger the natural system of healing
•“Like cures like”
-the body has the ability to maintain and
restore optimal health
•Uses a variety of holistic approaches
•Emphasizes natural modalities for healing

A
  • homeopathy

- naturopathy

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16
Q

? that use connections between the mind
and body
•?, yoga, visualization, tai chi, and biofeedback
•Psychotherapy, support groups, prayer, music and art therapy
-guided relaxation and imagery to
overcome certain conditions
•Chronic pain, pain during surgery or childbirth, unhealthy
habits, anxiety and phobias

A
  • interventions

- hypnotherapy

17
Q

-or biologically based therapies,
include substances derived from plant or animal sources
•Herbal therapies, botanicals, animal tissue extracts
•Well-designed clinical studies have been conducted on a
number of natural products
Safety issues:
•Drug-herb interactions; ?; regulation
•? of patients to reveal use to conventional doctor-

A
  • natural products
  • contamination
  • failure
18
Q

-focuses on the relationship between
structure and function
•Spine, joints, muscles, and nervous system
•?; also exercise, lifestyle modifications,
nutrition, and orthotics
Exercise for health maintenance, promotion, and
disease prevention fits the CAM definition
•? (EIM)—physician-prescribed exercise

A
  • chiropractic
  • manipulation of joints
  • exercise is medicine
19
Q

-use energy either originating within
the body or from other sources
•? : corrects disturbances in the flow of life energy with
specific hand positions
•? : derived from ancient techniques involving
using the hands to detect and transmit energy
? : apply therapeutic magnets to
manage pain and increase blood flow
•Available research is insufficient

A
  • energy therapies
  • Reiki
  • Therapeutic touch
  • Magnetic therapies
20
Q

Research shows ? can improve fibromyalgia patients’
overall quality of life
•CAM is used more often to treat ? than any other
condition

A
  • tai chi

- back pain

21
Q

Areas to discuss: safety, ?, timing, ?

A

-effectiveness, cost

22
Q

-encourages healthy people
to purchase insurance to help insurance companies
keep ? (monthly payments) lower
Two key provisions: increases ? services and ?
insurance companies from discriminating on the basis of
preexisting medical conditions
•Individual mandate that required everyone to buy a ?
insurance plan (or pay a tax penalty) was repealed by Congress
in 2017 (effective in 2019)

A
  • Affordable Care Act
  • premiums
  • preventive, forbids
  • minimal
23
Q

-amount you pay before insurance coverage begins
-amount you pay for a particular service, when your
insurance provider pays the balance
-based on a fee for each service provided, with
the cost shared between you and the insurance company
-contracts with a network of providers and
facilities to provide care at reduced costs

A
  • deductible
  • copayment
  • indemnity plan
  • managed care plan
24
Q

-a prepaid plan that
covers services within a network
-a prepaid plan that
contracts for lower fees, where you can go outside the
network without a referral but will pay more
-you pay less if you use the plan’s
network; if you go outside the network without a referral, you
will pay most or all of the cost

A
  • health maintenance organization
  • preferred provider organization
  • post-of-service plan
25
Q

-a federal health insurance program for people aged
65 and over and for younger people with certain disabilities
-a federally subsidized state-run plan of health care
for people with low income

A
  • medicare

- medicaid

Physical Well-Being (9 decks)

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