Chapter 15 Vocab Flashcards by Kora Mordy

Proposes that it is useful to think of abnormal behaviour as a disease

Medical Model

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Distinguishing one illness from another

Diagnosis

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The apparent causation and developmental history of an illness

Etiology

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A forecast about the probable course of an illness

Prognosis

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Deviance 2. Maladaptive Behaviour 3. Personal Distress

3 Main Diagnosis Criterion

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The study of the distribution of mental or physical disorders in a population

Epidemiology

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Percentage of the population that exhibits a disorder during a specified time period

Prevalence

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A class of disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety

Anxiety Disorders

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Chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety, usually occurs suddenly and unexpectedly

Panic Disorder

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Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that presents no realistic threat

Specific Phobia Disorder

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Fear of going out into public areas

Agoraphobia

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Persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

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Obsessions and Checking 2. Symmetry and Order 3. Cleanliness and Washing 4. Hoarding

4 Factors Underlying OCD

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Psychological disorder attributed to the experience of an extreme stressor

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

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The percentage of twin pairs or other related pairs who exhibit the same disorder

Concordance Rate

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A class of disorders in which people lose contact with portions of their conscious memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity

Dissociative Disorders

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Sudden loss of memory for important personal info that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting

Dissociative Amnesia/Fugue

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Disruption of identity marked by the experience of two or more distinct personalities

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

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Theory that significant trauma can trigger a personality split

Trauma Dissociation Theory

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Persistent feeling of sadness, despair, and loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure

Major Depressive Disorder

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Diminished ability to experience pleasure

Anhedonia

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Milder form of chronic depression, usually less severe than major depressive disorder

Persistent depressive disorder

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The experience of one or more manic episodes as well as periods of depression

Bipolar 1 Disorder

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# Q Episodes of major depression an hypomania in which change in behaviour is less severe

Bipolar 2 Disorder

# Q Less severe form of mania

Hypomania

# Q Similar to bipolar disorder in cycles of depression and mania, but with less severe extremes

Cyclothymia

# Q Cyclical depression in autumn to late winter due to lack of sunlight

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

# Q Period of depression following childbirth, impacts 10-15% of new mothers

Postpartum Depression

# Q Disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, negative symptoms, and deterioration of adaptive behaviour

Schizophrenia

# Q Symptoms that are distortions or excesses of normal functioning

Positive Symptoms

# Q Symptoms that are a loss or decrease in normal functioning

Negative Symptoms

# Q False beliefs that are maintained even though they are clearly unrealistic

Delusions

# Q Individual finding references to themselves and patterns where none are there

Delusions of Reference

# Q Belief that thoughts and actions are being controlled by an outside force

Delusions of Control

# Q Individual believing that others or another person is in love with them

Erotomanic Delusions

# Q Belief that bodily functions are absent or abnormal

Somatic Delusions

# Q Sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of real external stimuli or are gross extortions of perceptual input

Hallucinations

# Q Visual or tactile hallucination of small insects crawling on the body

Formication

# Q Speech lacks meaning

Poverty of Content

# Q Individual becoming stuck repeating the same word or phrase

Perseveration

# Q Rhyming random words together without cohesive meaning

Clanging

# Q Abnormality of movement and physical behaviour arising from a disturbed mental state

Catatonia

# Q Random, disorganized, uncontrollable motor movements

Catatonic Excitement

# Q Individual remains motionless in a strange posture for an extended period of time

Catatonic Rigidity

# Q Occurs during catatonia, individual's arms and legs can be arranged into strange postures and the individual will remain in the posture

Waxy Flexibility

# Q Decreased level of emotion in general

Blunted Affect

# Q Theory that schizophrenia is the result of brain degeneration, as 20-30% of people with schizophrenia have brain atrophy/abnormality

Brain Degeneration Theory

# Q Suggests that an excess of dopamine is the main influencer in schizohrenic disorders

Dopamine Hypothesis

# Q Suggests that schizophrenia is caused by disrupted brain maturation during prenatal development

Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis

# Q The degree to which a relative of a schizophrenic person displays highly critical or emotionally overinvolved attitudes toward the person, predicts prognosis

Expressed Emotion

# Q Theory that diathesis for schizophrenia combined with stress triggers the occurrence of schizophrenia

Diathesis-Stress Model

# Q Inherited disposition to experience a disorder

Diathesis

# Q A class of disorders marked by extreme inflexible personality traits that cause subjective distress or impaired social and occupational functioning

Personality Disorders

# Q 1. Anxious-Fearful 2. Odd-Eccentric 3. Dramatic-Impulsive

3 Clusters of Personality Disorders

# Q - Avoidant PD - Dependant PD - Obsessive-Compulsive PD

Anxious-Fearful Personality Disorders

# Q - Schizoid PD - Schizotypal PD - Paranoid PD

Odd-Eccentric Personality Disorders

# Q - Histrionic PD - Narcissistic PD - Borderline PD - Antisocial PD

Dramatic-Impulsive Personality Disorders

# Q Preoccupation with rule order and perfection

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

# Q Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, excessive feeling of anxiety, and inferiority

Avoidant Personality Disorder

# Q Intense need to be taken care of, clinginess and neediness

Dependent Personality Disorder

# Q Pattern of excessive emotion and attention-seeking, dramatic, shallow emotions

Histrionic Personality Disorder

# Q Marked by impulsive, callous, manipulative, aggressive, and irresponsible behaviour

Antisocial Personality Disorder

# Q Instability in social relationships, self-image, and emotional functioning

Borderline Personality Disorder

# Q Grandiose sense of self-importance, entitlement, and excessive need for attention and admiration

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

# Q Developmental disorder characterized by social and emotional deficits, along with repetitive and stereotypic behaviours, interests, and activities

Autism Spectrum Disorder

# Q Experiencing physical symptoms with no real physical cause

Somatic Disorders

# Q Individual is occupied and anxious about the possibility of contracting an illness or about an imaginary illness

Illness Anxiety Disorder

# Q One or more chronic physical symptoms that occupy and cause anxiety in a patient

Somatic Symptom Disorder

# Q Physical symptoms that mimic the symptoms of a nervous system disorder, but with no physically observable cause

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

# Q Individual deliberately producing or faking physical symptoms for psychological reasons

Factitious Disorder

# Q Individual fabricates or deliberately produces symptoms in themselves

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self

# Q Individual fabricates or deliberately produces symptoms in another person

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another