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Psych 102 > Chapter 15 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

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Proposes that it is useful to think of abnormal behaviour as a disease

A

Medical Model

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2
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Distinguishing one illness from another

A

Diagnosis

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3
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The apparent causation and developmental history of an illness

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Etiology

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4
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A forecast about the probable course of an illness

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Prognosis

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5
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  1. Deviance 2. Maladaptive Behaviour 3. Personal Distress
A

3 Main Diagnosis Criterion

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6
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The study of the distribution of mental or physical disorders in a population

A

Epidemiology

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7
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Percentage of the population that exhibits a disorder during a specified time period

A

Prevalence

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8
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A class of disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety

A

Anxiety Disorders

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9
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Chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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10
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Recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety, usually occurs suddenly and unexpectedly

A

Panic Disorder

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11
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Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that presents no realistic threat

A

Specific Phobia Disorder

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12
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Fear of going out into public areas

A

Agoraphobia

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13
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Persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

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14
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  1. Obsessions and Checking 2. Symmetry and Order 3. Cleanliness and Washing 4. Hoarding
A

4 Factors Underlying OCD

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15
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Psychological disorder attributed to the experience of an extreme stressor

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

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16
Q

Q

The percentage of twin pairs or other related pairs who exhibit the same disorder

A

Concordance Rate

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17
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A class of disorders in which people lose contact with portions of their conscious memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity

A

Dissociative Disorders

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18
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Sudden loss of memory for important personal info that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting

A

Dissociative Amnesia/Fugue

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19
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Disruption of identity marked by the experience of two or more distinct personalities

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

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20
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Theory that significant trauma can trigger a personality split

A

Trauma Dissociation Theory

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21
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Persistent feeling of sadness, despair, and loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure

A

Major Depressive Disorder

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22
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Diminished ability to experience pleasure

A

Anhedonia

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23
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Milder form of chronic depression, usually less severe than major depressive disorder

A

Persistent depressive disorder

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24
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The experience of one or more manic episodes as well as periods of depression

A

Bipolar 1 Disorder

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25
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Episodes of major depression an hypomania in which change in behaviour is less severe

A

Bipolar 2 Disorder

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26
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Less severe form of mania

A

Hypomania

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27
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Similar to bipolar disorder in cycles of depression and mania, but with less severe extremes

A

Cyclothymia

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28
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Cyclical depression in autumn to late winter due to lack of sunlight

A

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

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29
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Period of depression following childbirth, impacts 10-15% of new mothers

A

Postpartum Depression

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30
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Disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, negative symptoms, and deterioration of adaptive behaviour

A

Schizophrenia

31
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Symptoms that are distortions or excesses of normal functioning

A

Positive Symptoms

32
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Symptoms that are a loss or decrease in normal functioning

A

Negative Symptoms

33
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False beliefs that are maintained even though they are clearly unrealistic

A

Delusions

34
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Individual finding references to themselves and patterns where none are there

A

Delusions of Reference

35
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Belief that thoughts and actions are being controlled by an outside force

A

Delusions of Control

36
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Individual believing that others or another person is in love with them

A

Erotomanic Delusions

37
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Belief that bodily functions are absent or abnormal

A

Somatic Delusions

38
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Sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of real external stimuli or are gross extortions of perceptual input

A

Hallucinations

39
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Visual or tactile hallucination of small insects crawling on the body

A

Formication

40
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Speech lacks meaning

A

Poverty of Content

41
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Individual becoming stuck repeating the same word or phrase

A

Perseveration

42
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Rhyming random words together without cohesive meaning

A

Clanging

43
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Abnormality of movement and physical behaviour arising from a disturbed mental state

A

Catatonia

44
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Random, disorganized, uncontrollable motor movements

A

Catatonic Excitement

45
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Individual remains motionless in a strange posture for an extended period of time

A

Catatonic Rigidity

46
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Occurs during catatonia, individual’s arms and legs can be arranged into strange postures and the individual will remain in the posture

A

Waxy Flexibility

47
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Decreased level of emotion in general

A

Blunted Affect

48
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Theory that schizophrenia is the result of brain degeneration, as 20-30% of people with schizophrenia have brain atrophy/abnormality

A

Brain Degeneration Theory

49
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Suggests that an excess of dopamine is the main influencer in schizohrenic disorders

A

Dopamine Hypothesis

50
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Suggests that schizophrenia is caused by disrupted brain maturation during prenatal development

A

Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis

51
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The degree to which a relative of a schizophrenic person displays highly critical or emotionally overinvolved attitudes toward the person, predicts prognosis

A

Expressed Emotion

52
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Theory that diathesis for schizophrenia combined with stress triggers the occurrence of schizophrenia

A

Diathesis-Stress Model

53
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Inherited disposition to experience a disorder

A

Diathesis

54
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A class of disorders marked by extreme inflexible personality traits that cause subjective distress or impaired social and occupational functioning

A

Personality Disorders

55
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  1. Anxious-Fearful 2. Odd-Eccentric 3. Dramatic-Impulsive
A

3 Clusters of Personality Disorders

56
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  • Avoidant PD - Dependant PD - Obsessive-Compulsive PD
A

Anxious-Fearful Personality Disorders

57
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  • Schizoid PD - Schizotypal PD - Paranoid PD
A

Odd-Eccentric Personality Disorders

58
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  • Histrionic PD - Narcissistic PD - Borderline PD - Antisocial PD
A

Dramatic-Impulsive Personality Disorders

59
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Preoccupation with rule order and perfection

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

60
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Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, excessive feeling of anxiety, and inferiority

A

Avoidant Personality Disorder

61
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Intense need to be taken care of, clinginess and neediness

A

Dependent Personality Disorder

62
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Pattern of excessive emotion and attention-seeking, dramatic, shallow emotions

A

Histrionic Personality Disorder

63
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Marked by impulsive, callous, manipulative, aggressive, and irresponsible behaviour

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder

64
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Instability in social relationships, self-image, and emotional functioning

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

65
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Grandiose sense of self-importance, entitlement, and excessive need for attention and admiration

A

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

66
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Developmental disorder characterized by social and emotional deficits, along with repetitive and stereotypic behaviours, interests, and activities

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

67
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Experiencing physical symptoms with no real physical cause

A

Somatic Disorders

68
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Individual is occupied and anxious about the possibility of contracting an illness or about an imaginary illness

A

Illness Anxiety Disorder

69
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One or more chronic physical symptoms that occupy and cause anxiety in a patient

A

Somatic Symptom Disorder

70
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Physical symptoms that mimic the symptoms of a nervous system disorder, but with no physically observable cause

A

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

71
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Individual deliberately producing or faking physical symptoms for psychological reasons

A

Factitious Disorder

72
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Individual fabricates or deliberately produces symptoms in themselves

A

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self

73
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Individual fabricates or deliberately produces symptoms in another person

A

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Psych 102 (6 decks)

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