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Med Term > Chapter 15: Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

albumin/o

A

protein

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2
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria

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3
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder or sac

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4
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder or sac

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5
Q

dips/o

A

thirst

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6
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus (little ball)

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7
Q

gluc/o

A

sugar

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8
Q

glucos/o

A

sugar

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9
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

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10
Q

ket/o

A

ketone bodies

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11
Q

keton/o

A

ketone bodies

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12
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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13
Q

meat/o

A

meatus (opening)

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14
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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15
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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16
Q

pub/o

A

pubic bone

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17
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis (basin)

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18
Q

py/o

A

pus

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19
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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20
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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21
Q

ur/o

A

urine

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22
Q

urin/o

A

urine

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23
Q

albuminuria

A

presence of albumin in the urine; occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise

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24
Q

proteinuria

A

presence of albumin in the urine; occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise

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25
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine formation

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26
Q

bacteriuria

A

presence of bacteria in the urine

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27
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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28
Q

enuresis

A

to void urine; involuntary discharge of urine, most often refers to lack of bladder control

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29
Q

noctirnal enuresis

A

bed wetting during sleep

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30
Q

hematuria

A

presence of blood in the urine

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31
Q

glucosuria

A

glucose (sugar) in the urine

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32
Q

incontinence

A

involuntary discharge of urine or feces

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33
Q

ketonuria

A

presence of ketone bodies in the urine

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34
Q

nocturia

A

urination at night

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35
Q

oliguria

A

scanty production of urine

36
Q

polyuria

A

condition of excessive urination

37
Q

pyuria

A

presence of white cells in the urine, usually indicating infection

38
Q

urinary retention

A

retention of urine owing to the inability to void naturally because of spasm, obstruction, etc.

39
Q

adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD)

A

inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidney, causing destruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure

40
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

form of nephritis involving the glomerulus

41
Q

hydronephrosis

A

dilation and pooling of urine in the renal pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys caused by an obstruction in the out flow of urine.

42
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney

43
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

44
Q

nephosis

A

degenerative disease of the renal tubules

45
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of renal stone or stones caused by mineral buildup in the kidneys-most commonly as a result of hyperuricuria

46
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

47
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

48
Q

urethrocystitis

A

inflammation of the urethra and bladder

49
Q

urethral stenosis

A

narrowed condition of the urethra

50
Q

urinary trat infection (UTI)

A

invasion of pathongenic organisms in the strustures of the urinary tract, especially the urethra and bladder

51
Q

uremia

A

excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney failure

52
Q

azotemia

A

excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney failure

53
Q

kidney biopsy

A

kidney biopsy (Bx) removal of kidney tissue for pathological exam

54
Q

cystoscopy

A

exam of the bladder using a rigid or flexible cystoscope

55
Q

renal biopsy

A

kidney biopsy (Bx) removal of kidney tissue for pathological exam

56
Q

abdominal sonogram

A

ultrasound image of the urinary tract including the kidney, ureters, and bladder

57
Q

urinalysis (UA)

A

physical, chemical, and microscopic exam of urine

58
Q

urine culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

isolation of a urine specimen in a culture medium that propagates the growth of microorganisms

59
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood

60
Q

creatinine, serum

A

test to determine the level of creatinine in the clood-usefule in assessing kidney function

61
Q

creatinine, urine

A

test to determine the level of creatinine in the urine

62
Q

creatinine clearance testing

A

measurements of the level of creatinine in the blood and a 24-hours urine specimen to determine the rate that creatinine is “cleared” from the blood by the kidneys

63
Q

urologic endoscopic surgery

A

use of specialized endoscopes within the urinary tract to perform various surgical procedures, such as resection of a tumor, repair of an obstruction, stone, retrieval, or placement of stent

64
Q

nephrotomy

A

incision into the kidney

65
Q

nephrorrhaphy

A

suture of an injured kidney

66
Q

nephrolithotomy

A

incision into the kidney for the removal of stones

67
Q

nephrectomy

A

excision of a kidney

68
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis

69
Q

stent placement

A

use of a device to help open vessels or tubes

70
Q

kidney transplantation

A

transfer of a kidney from the body of one person to another

71
Q

renal transplantation

A

transfer of a kidney from the body of one person to another

72
Q

urinary diversion

A

creation of a temporary or permanent diversion of the urinary tract to provide a new passage through which urine exits the body-used to treat defects or disease such as bladder cancer

73
Q

noncontinent ileal conduit

A

removal of a portion of the ileum to use as a conduit to which the ureters are attached at one end

74
Q

continent urostomy

A

internal reservoir constructed from a segment of intestine that diverts urine through an opening that is brought through the abdominal wall

75
Q

orthotopic bladder (neobladder)

A

bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing “natural” voiding

76
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithitripsy (ESWL)

A

procedure using ultrasound to penetrate the body fro outside and bombard and disintegrate a stone within

77
Q

kidney dialysis

A

methods of filtering impurities from the blood to replace the function of one or both kidneys due to renal failure

78
Q

hemodialysis

A

method to remove impurities by pumping the patient’s blood through a dialyzer, the specialized filter of the artificial kidney machine

79
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

method of removing impurities using the peritoneum as the filter

80
Q

Kegel exercises

A

specific exercises that strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor to maintain proper organ placement and retain urine

81
Q

urinary catheterization

A

methods of placing a tube into the bladder to drain or collect urine

82
Q

Foley catheter

A

indwelling catheter inserted through the urethra into the bladder

83
Q

straight catheter

A

inserted through the urethra into the bladder to relieve urinary retention or collect a sterile specimen of urine for testing

84
Q

analgesic

A

drug that relieves pain

85
Q

antibiotic

A

drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms

86
Q

antispasmodic

A

drug that relieves spasm

87
Q

diuretic

A

drug that increases the secretion of urine

Med Term (11 decks)

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