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Med Term > Chapter 10: Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

arthr/o

A

articulation

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2
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

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3
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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5
Q

encephal/o

A

entire brain

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6
Q

esthesi/o

A

sensation

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7
Q

gangli/o

A

ganglion

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8
Q

gli/o

A

glue

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9
Q

gnos/o

A

knowing

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10
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

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11
Q

somn/i

A

sleep

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12
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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13
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

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14
Q

lex/o

A

word or phrase

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15
Q

mening/o

A

meninges (membrane)

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16
Q

meningi/o

A

meninges (membrane)

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17
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord or bone marrow

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18
Q

narc/o

A

stupor, sleep

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19
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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20
Q

phas/o

A

speech

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21
Q

phob/o

A

exaggerated fear or sensitivity

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22
Q

phor/o

A

carry or bear

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23
Q

phren/o

A

mind

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24
Q

psych/o

A

mind

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25
Q

thym/o

A

mind

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26
Q

schiz/o

A

split

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27
Q

somat/o

A

body

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28
Q

spin/o

A

spine (thorn)

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29
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

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30
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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31
Q

stere/o

A

three dimensional or solid

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32
Q

tax/o

A

order or coordination

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33
Q

thalam/o

A

thalamus (a room)

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34
Q

ton/o

A

tone or tension

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35
Q

top/o

A

place

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36
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle (belly or pouch)

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37
Q

cata-

A

down

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38
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

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39
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

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40
Q

-mania

A

condition of abnormal impulse toward

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41
Q

-paresis

A

slight paralysis

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42
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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43
Q

catatonia

A

state of unresponsiveness to one’s outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability

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44
Q

delusion

A

persistent belief that has no basis in reality

45
Q

dysphoria

A

restless, dissatisfied mood

46
Q

euphoria

A

exaggerated, unfounded feeling or well-being

47
Q

hallucination

A

false perception of the senses for which there is no reality, most commonly hearing or seeing things

48
Q

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

condition resulting from an extremely traumatic experience, injury or illness that leaves that sufferer with persistent thoughts and memories of the ordeal

49
Q

phobia

A

exaggerated fear of a specific object or circumstance that causes anxiety and panic

50
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsessions accompanied by repeated compulsions, which can interfere with all aspects of a person’s daily life

51
Q

dyslexia

A

developmental disability characterized by a difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs, affecting reading, spelling, and self expression.

52
Q

autism

A

development disability commonly appearing during the first 3 years of life, resulting from a neurological disorder affecting brain function, evidence by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication, and an inability to relate to anything beyond oneself

53
Q

aphasia

A

condition without speech due to localized brain injury

54
Q

dysarthria

A

condition of difficult articulation

55
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

56
Q

coma

A

general term referring to levels of deceased consciousness with varying responsiveness

57
Q

delirium

A

state of mental confusion die to disturbance in cerebral function

58
Q

dementia

A

impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion

59
Q

motor deficit

A

loss or impairment of muscle function

60
Q

sensory deficit

A

lose or impairment of sensation

61
Q

neuralgia

A

pain along the course of a nerve

62
Q

paralysis

A

temporary or permanent loss of motor control

63
Q

flaccid paralysis

A

defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion

64
Q

spastic paralysis

A

stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder

65
Q

hemiparesis

A

partial paralysis of the right or left half the body

66
Q

sciatica

A

pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve caused by compression trauma of the nerve or its roots

67
Q

seizure

A

sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from abnormal firing of nerve impulses

68
Q

syncope

A

fainting

69
Q

tactile stimulation

A

evoking a response by touching

70
Q

angosia

A

any of many types of loss of neurological function associated with interpretation of sensory information

71
Q

astereognosis

A

inability to judge the form of an object to by touch

72
Q

atopomgnosis

A

inability ro locate a sensation properly, such as to locate a point touched on the body

73
Q

alzheimer disease

A

disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in a irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual.

74
Q

cerebral palsy

A

condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth, characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination

75
Q

epilepsy

A

disorder affecting the central nervous system characterized by recurrent seizures

76
Q

glioma

A

tumor of glial cells graded by degree of malignancy

77
Q

hydrocephalus

A

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor

78
Q

migraine headache

A

paroxysmal attacks of mostly unilateral headache often accompanies by disordered vision, nausea, or vomiting, lasting hours or days and caused by arteries

79
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

80
Q

narcolepsy

A

sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis, and dreams intruding while awake

81
Q

parkinson

A

condition of slowly progressive degeneration of an area of the brainstem resulting in a decrease of dopamine.

82
Q

poliomyelitis

A

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord cause by virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

83
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation involving two or more nerves, often owing to a nutritional deficiency such as lack of thiamine

84
Q

sleep apnea

A

period of breathing cessation that occur during sleeping, often causing snoring

85
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital defect in the spinal column characterized by the absence of vertebral arches, often resulting in pouching of spinal membranes or tissue

86
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain used to identify neurological condition that affect brain function and level of consciousness

87
Q

polysomnography (PSG)

A

recording of various aspects of sleep to diagnose sleep disorders

88
Q

lumbar puncture (LP)

A

introduction of a specialized needle into the spine in the lumbar region for diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, such as to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for testing; also called spinal tap

89
Q

magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

A

use of magnetic resonance in imaging of the blood vessels- useful in detecting pathological condition such as atherosclerosis

90
Q

nuclear medicine imaging

A

radionuclide organ imaging

91
Q

radiography

A

x-ray imaging

92
Q

deep tendon reflexes (DTR)

A

involuntary muscle contraction after percussion at a tendon indicating function

93
Q

transcranial sonogram

A

image made by sending ultrasound beams through the skull to assess blood flow in intracranial vessels-used in diagnosis and management of stroke and head trauma

94
Q

craniectomy

A

excision of part of the skull to approach the brain

95
Q

craniotomy

A

incision into the skull to approach the brain

96
Q

laminectomy

A

excision of one or more laminae if the vertebrae to approach the spinal cord

97
Q

diskectomy

A

removal of a herniated disk often done percutaneously

98
Q

neuroendovascular surgery

A

diagnosis and treatment of disorders within cerebral blood vessels performed in specialized angiographic labortory by intercentional neuroradiologists

99
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

100
Q

spondylosyndesis

A

spinal fusion- vertebra together bonding

101
Q

analgesic

A

agent that relieves pain

102
Q

anticoagulant

A

drug that prevents clotting of the blood; commonly used to prevent heart attack and ischemic stroke

103
Q

anticonvulsant

A

agent that prevents convulsion

104
Q

hypnotic

A

agent that induces sleep

105
Q

sedative

A

agent that has a calming effect

106
Q

mental retardation

A

condition of subaverage intelligence characterized by an IQ of 70 or below, resulting in the inability to adapt to normal social activities

107
Q

ADHD

A

dysfunction characterized by consistent hyperactivity and distractibility and lack over impulses.

108
Q

panic disorder

A

a

Med Term (11 decks)

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