Chapter 15 - Tobacco

Question 1

Nicotine - pregnancy

Answer 1

teratogen (an agent that can disturb the normal development of the fetus): Smoking during pregnancy increases the likelihood of miscarriage, stillbirth, and early death of the child.

Question 2

second hand smoke

Answer 2

individuals who live or work with smokers are more likely to develop heart disease and cancer than those who don’t.

Question 3

Buerger’s Disease

Answer 3

provide a shocking illustration of the addictive power of nicotine. In Buerger’s disease—which occurs in about 15 of 100,000 individuals, mostly in male smokers—the blood vessels, especially those supplying the legs, become constricted.

Question 4

Smokers Syndrome

Answer 4

characterized by chest pain, labored breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a heightened susceptibility to infections of the respiratory tract. Chronic smokers are highly susceptible to a variety of potentially lethal lung disorders, including pneumonia, bronchitis (chronic inflammation of the bronchioles of the lungs), emphysema (loss of elasticity of the lung from chronic irritation), and lung cancer.

Question 5

Tobacco is how addictive?

Answer 5

About 70 percent of all people who experiment with smoking become addicted;

Question 6

Withdrawal effects

Answer 6

depression, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, constipation, and difficulties in sleeping and concentrating.

Question 7

nonsmokers

Answer 7

respond to a few puffs of a cigarette with various combinations of nausea, vomiting, coughing, sweating, abdominal cramps, dizziness, flushing, and diarrhea.

Question 8

Nicotine

Answer 8

the major psychoactive ingredient of tobacco—and some 4,000 other chemicals, collectively referred to as tar, are absorbed through the lungs. Nicotine acts on nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the brain