Chapter 15 - Cocaine and Other Stimulants

Question 1

Cocaine - how it works

Answer 1

The primary mechanism by which cocaine and its derivatives exert their effects is by altering the activity of dopamine transporters, molecules in the presynaptic membrane that normally remove dopamine from synapses and transfer it back into presynaptic neurons.

Question 2

MDMA

Answer 2

Besides being a stimulant, MDMA is also considered an empathogen. Empathogens are psychoactive drugs that produce feelings of empathy

Question 3

Cocaine Spree effects

Answer 3

sleeplessness, tremors, nausea, hyperthermia. During cocaine sprees, there is a risk of loss of consciousness, seizures, respiratory arrest, heart attack, or stroke

Question 4

cocaine Psychosis

Answer 4

psychotic symptoms, which is called cocaine psychosis and has sometimes been mistakenly diagnosed as schizophrenia result of cocaine spree (rare)

Question 5

Cocaine Spree

Answer 5

ndividuals who are addicted to cocaine tend to go on so-called cocaine sprees, binges in which extremely high levels of intake are maintained for periods of a day or two. During a cocaine spree, users become increasingly tolerant to the euphoria-producing effects of cocaine. Accordingly, larger and larger doses are often administered.

Question 6

Cocaine effects

Answer 6

Users report being swept by a wave of well-being; they feel self-confident, alert, energetic, friendly, outgoing, fidgety, and talkative; and they have less than their usual desire for food and sleep.

Question 7

Cocaine hydrochloride

Answer 7

effective local anesthetic and was once widely prescribed as such until it was supplanted by synthetic analogues such as procaine and lidocaine.

Question 8

Cocaine other forums

Answer 8

The impure residue of this process is crack, a potent, cheap, smokeable form of cocaine.

Question 9

Cocaine - when, what, where, how

Answer 9

Cocaine is prepared from the leaves of the coca shrub, which grows primarily in western South America. For centuries, a crude extract called coca paste has been made directly from the leaves and eaten. Today, it is more common to treat the coca paste and extract cocaine hydrochloride, the nefarious white powder that is referred to simply as cocaine and typically consumed by snorting or by injection.

Question 10

Stimulants

Answer 10

Stimulants are drugs whose primary effect is to produce general increases in neural and behavioral activity.