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Medical Terminology > Chapter 15- The Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 15- The Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cervix

A

lower part of the uterus

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2
Q

clitoris

A

erectile organ of the vulva

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3
Q

estrogen

A

generic term for hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics

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4
Q

fornix/fornices

A

arch-shaped, blind-ended part of the vagina behind and around the cervix. Latin: vault

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5
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

STD caused by a virus

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6
Q

gynecology/gynecologist/gynecologic

A

medical speciality of diseases of the female reproductive tract

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7
Q

hymen

A

thin membrane partly occluding the vaginal orifice. Greek: membrane

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8
Q

labium/labia (pl)

A

fold of the vulva. greek: lip

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9
Q

majus/majora

A

the outer labia (labia majora). Latin: large

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10
Q

minus/minora

A

the inner labia. Latin: smaller

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11
Q

mons pubis

A

fleshy pad with pubic hair, overlying the pubic bone. Latin: mountain/pubic bone

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12
Q

ovary/ovaries/ovarian

A

one of the paired female reproductive glands

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13
Q

progesterone

A

hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy

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14
Q

vagina/vaginal

A

the female genital canal extending from the uterus to the vulva. Latin: sheath

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15
Q

vulva/vulvar

A

female external genitalia

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16
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

infection with the HIV virus. Acquired: latin, obtain

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17
Q

syndrome

A

combination of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease process

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18
Q

chancre

A

primary lesion of syphilis. Latin: cancer

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19
Q

chlamydia

A

an STD caused by infection of Chlamydia, a species of bacteria. Latin: cloak

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20
Q

condom

A

a sheath or cover for the penis or vagina to prevent conception and infection. Old english: sheath or cover

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21
Q

gonorrhea

A

specific contagious STI

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22
Q

human immunodeficiency viris (HIV)

A

etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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23
Q

human papilloma virus

A

causes warts on the skin and genitalia and can increase the risk for cervical cancer

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24
Q

opportunistic infection

A

an infection that causes disease when the immune system is compromised for other reasons

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25
Q

replication

A

reproduction to produce an exact copy

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26
Q

syphilis

A

sexually transmitted diseasecaused by a spirochete. Principal character in a Latin poem

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27
Q

Trichomonas/trichomoniasis

A

a parasite causing an STD

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28
Q

fallopian tubes

A

uterine tubes connected to the fundus of the uterus. Gabrielle Fallopio, Italian anatomist

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29
Q

menses/menstruation/menstruate/menstrual

A

monthly uterine bleeding

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30
Q

ovum/ova (pl)

A

egg

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31
Q

endometrium/endometrial

A

inner lining of the uterus

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32
Q

fimbria/fimbriae

A

fringelike structure. Latin: fringe

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33
Q

fundus

A

the upper, rounded top of the uterus above the openings of the fallopian tubes. Latin: bottom

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34
Q

menarche

A

first menstrual period

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35
Q

myometrium

A

muscule wall of the uterus

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36
Q

os

A

opening into a canal (like the cervix). Latin: mouth

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37
Q

pubarche

A

onset of development of pubic and axillary hair

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38
Q

thelarche

A

onset of breast development

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39
Q

uterus/uterine

A

organ in which an egg develops into a fetus. Latin: womb

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40
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence or abnormal cessation of menstrual flow

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41
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful and difficult menstruation

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42
Q

menopause

A

permanent ending of menstrual periods

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43
Q

premenstrual

A

pertaining to the time immediately before menses

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44
Q

primary

A

first disease or symptom, after which others may occur. Latin: first

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45
Q

secondary

A

diseases or symptoms following a primary disease or symptom. Latin: secondary

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46
Q

anteversion

A

forward tilting of a structure

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47
Q

colpopexy

A

surgical fixation of the vaginal walls

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48
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder into the vagina

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49
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue outside the uterus

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50
Q

fibroid

A

uterine tumor resembling fibrous tissue

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51
Q

fibromyoma

A

benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle and containing fibrous tissue

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52
Q

hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of the uterus

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53
Q

leiomyoma

A

benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle

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54
Q

menorrhagia

A

irregluar uterine bleeing between menses

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55
Q

myoma

A

benign tumor of muscle

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56
Q

myomecytomy

A

surgical removal of a myoma

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57
Q

pessary

A

appliance inserted into the vagina to support the uterus

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58
Q

polymenorrhea

A

menses more frequent than normal

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59
Q

rectocele

A

hernia of the rectum into the vagina

60
Q

retroversion

A

tipping backward of the uterus

61
Q

saplingitis

A

inflammation of the fallopian tube

62
Q

saplingectomy

A

surgical removal of thhe fallopian tubes

63
Q

ablation

A

removal of tissue to destroy its function

64
Q

conization

A

surgical removal of a cone-shaped piece of tissue

65
Q

curettage

A

scraping the interior of a cavity

66
Q

dysfunctional

A

difficulty in performing

67
Q

dysplasia/dysplastic

A

abnormal tissue formation

68
Q

Pap test

A

examination of cells taken from the cervix

69
Q

coitus

A

sexual intercourse

70
Q

contracetption

A

prevention of pregnancy

71
Q

diaphragm

A

a dome-shaped material inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy

72
Q

insemination

A

introduction of semen into the vagina

73
Q

in vitro vertilization

A

process of combining egg and sperm in a lab petri dish and placing resulting embryos inside the uterus

74
Q

blastocyst

A

first two weeks of developing embryo

75
Q

embryo

A

developing organism from conception until the end of the second month

76
Q

fetus/fetal

A

human organism from the end of the eighth week after conception to birth

77
Q

fertilize

A

penetration of the oocyte by sperm

78
Q

implantation

A

attachment of a fertilized egg to the endometrium

79
Q

placenta

A

organ that allows metabolic exchange between the mother and fetus

80
Q

amniocentesis

A

removsl of amniotic fluid for diagnostic purposes

81
Q

chorion

A

the fetal membrane that forms the placenta

82
Q

chorionic villus

A

vascular process of the embryonic chorion to form the placenta

83
Q

conception

A

fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote

84
Q

amion

A

membrane around the fetus that contains amniotic fluid

85
Q

ectopic

A

out of place

86
Q

gestation

A

from conception to birth

87
Q

lanugo

A

fine, soft hair on the fetal body

88
Q

oligohydramnios

A

too little amniotic fluid

89
Q

polyhydramnios

A

too much amniotic fluid

90
Q

preeclampsia

A

hypertension, edema, and proteinuria during pregnancy

91
Q

preterm

A

same as premature

92
Q

trimester

A

one-third of the length of a full-term pregancy

93
Q

vernix caseosa

A

cheesy substance convering the skin of a fetus

94
Q

autolysis

A

destruction of cells by enzymes within the cells

95
Q

dilation

A

widening an opening

96
Q

effacement

A

thinning of the cervix in relation to labor

97
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical incision of the vulva to aid in childbirth

98
Q

gravia/gravida

A

pregnant woman, latin

99
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

100
Q

labor

A

process of explusion of the fetus

101
Q

lochia

A

vaginal discharge following childbirth

102
Q

multipara

A

woman who has given birth to two or more children

103
Q

neonate

A

a newborn infant

104
Q

perinatal

A

around the time of birth

105
Q

postpartum

A

after childbirth

106
Q

premigravida

A

a woman in her first pregnancy

107
Q

premipara

A

woman giving birth for the first time

108
Q

puerparium

A

six-week period after birth in which the uterus involutes

109
Q

teratogen

A

agent that produced fetal deformities

110
Q

abortion

A

spontaneous or induced expulsion of the embryo from the uterus at 20 weeks or less

111
Q

breech

A

buttocks-first delivery of the fetus

112
Q

cesaraean section

A

extraction of the fetus through an incision in the abdomen and uterine wall

113
Q

kernicterus

A

bilirubin staining of the basal nuclei of the brain

114
Q

meconium

A

the first bowel movement of the newborn

115
Q

nuchal cord

A

loops of umbilical cord around the fetal neck

116
Q

placenta abruptio

A

premature detachment of the placenta. Latin: to break off

117
Q

placenta previa

A

placenta obstructing the fetus during delivery

118
Q

postmature

A

infant born after 42 weeks of gestation

119
Q

premature

A

infabt born before 42 weeks of gestation

120
Q

surfactant

A

a protein and fat compounf that created surface tension to hold the lung alveolar walls apart

121
Q

vertex

A

topmost point of the vault of the skull

122
Q

apoptosis

A

programmed normal cell death

123
Q

areola

A

circular pinkish area surrounding the nipple

124
Q

colostrum

A

the first breast secretion at the end of pregnancy

125
Q

involution

A

decrease in size

126
Q

lactation

A

production of milk

127
Q

lactiferous

A

pertaining to of yielding milk

128
Q

mammary

A

pertaining to the lactating breast

129
Q

nipple

A

projection of the breast into which the lactiferous ducts open

130
Q

oxytocin

A

pituitary hormone that stimulates the uterus to contract

131
Q

prolactin

A

pituitary hormone that stimulates the production of milk

132
Q

antineoplastic

A

pertaining to the prevention of growth and spread of cancer cells

133
Q

fibroadenoma

A

benign tumor containing fibrous muscle

134
Q

fibrocystic disease

A

benign breast disease with multiple tiny lumps and bumps

135
Q

galactorrhea

A

abnormal flow of milk from the breasts

136
Q

gene

A

functional segment of DNA molecule

137
Q

geneticist

A

a genetics specialist

138
Q

gynecomastia

A

enlargement of the breast

139
Q

lumpectomy

A

removal of a lesion with preservation of the surrounding tissue

140
Q

mammogram

A

the record produced by x-ray imaging of the breast

141
Q

mastalgia

A

pain in the breast

142
Q

mastectomy

A

surgical excision of the breast

143
Q

mastitis

A

inflammation of the breast

144
Q

Paget disease

A

scaling, crusting lesion of the nipple, often associated with an underlying cancer of the breast

145
Q

stereotactic

A

a precise three-dimensional method used to locate a lesion

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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