Chapter 10 Part 2 Flashcards
aneurysm
small, ciscumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber. Greek: dilation
arteriography
xray visualation of of an artery after injection of contrast material
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
“mad cow disease” can be transmitted to humans, causing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
carotid endartectomy
surgical removal of diseased lining from the carotid artery to leave a smooth lining and restore blood flow. Greek: large neck artery
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
progressive, incurable, neurologic disease caused by infectious prions
encephalitis
inflammation of brain cells and tissue
migraine
paroxysmal severe headache confined to one side of the head
Parkinson disease
disease of muscular rigidity, tremors, and a masklike facial expression
prion
small, infectious protein particle, latin: protein
syncope
temporary loss of consciousness and postural tone due to dimished cerebral flow
tremor
small, shaking, involuntary, repetitive movements of hands, extremities, neck, or jaw
analgesia
state in which pain is reduced
analgesic
substance that produces analgesia
Bell palsy
paresis or paralysis of one side of the face. Named afetr Charles Bell, surgeon
concussion
mild brain injury
contrecoup
injury to the brain at a point directly opposite the point of contact. French: counterblow
contusion
hemorrhage into a tissue (bruising) including the brain
coup
injury to the brain directly under the skull at the point of contact. French: a blow
fibromyalgia
pain in the muscle fibers
meningococcal
pertaining to the meningococcus bacterium
sundural space
space between the arachnoid and dura mater layers of the meninges
trauma
a physical or mental injury
demyelenination
process of losing the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber
exacerbation
period where there is an increase in severity of a disease
intermittent
alternatively ceasing and beginning again
modify
change the form or qualities of something
paresthesia
abnormal sensation: tingling, burning, prickling
remission
period where there is a lessening or absence of the symptoms of a disease
sclerosis
thickening and hardening of a tissue, including nervous tissue
amyotrophic
pertaining to muscular atrophy
compression
squeeze together to increase density/decrease dimension of a muscle
herniation
protrusion of an anatomical structure from its normal location
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
neuopathy
any disorder of the nervous system
mononeuropathy
disorder affecting one nerve
polyneuropathy
disorder affecting many nerves
paralyze
to make incapable of movement
paresis
partial paralysis
hemiparesis
weakness of one side of the body
poliomyelitis
inflammation of gray matter of the spinal cord, leading to paralysis of the limbs and muscles of respiration
postpolio syndrome
progressive muscle weakness in a person previously affected by polio
syringomyelia
abnormal longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord causing paresthesias and muscle weakness
anencephaly
born without cerebral hemispheres
microcephaly
an abnormally small head
ataxia
inability to coordinate muscle activity, leading to jerky movements
athetosis
slow, writing involuntary movements
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body
meningocele
protrusion of the meninges from the spinal cord or brain through a defect in the vertebral column or cranium
monoplegia
paralysis of one limb
palsy
paralysis from brain damage
paraplegia
paralysis of both lower extremities
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
spina bifida
failure of one or more vertebral arches to close during fetal development
spina bifida cyctica
spina bifida with the appearance of a cyst
spinda bifida occulta
spina bifida is present but not apparent
teratogen
agent that produces fetal deformities
anxiety
distress and dread cause by fear, greek, distress
bipolar disorder
a mood disorder with alternating periods of depression and mania
delusion
fixed, unyielding false belief held despite strong evidence to the contrary
hallucination
perception of an object or event that is not present
mania
mood disorder with hyperactivity, irritability, and rapid speech
manic
pertaining to mania
mute
unable or unwilling to speak
paranoia
presence of persecutory delusions
phobia
pathologic fear or dread
psychiatry
diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
psychology
science concerned with the human mind
psychosis
disorder causing mental disruption and loss of contact with reality
sociopath
person with antisocial personality disorder
