Chapter 15 IDs Flashcards
Andrew Johnson
Who
President of the US after Lincoln died
Andrew Johnson
What
Openly hostile toward African Americans
Andrew Johnson
When
1865
Andrew Johnson
Where
US
Andrew Johnson
Why
Strong commitment to withhold rights from blacks was a contributing factor to the failure of Reconstruction.
Ended the land redistribution effort
Black Codes
Who
State legislatures
Black Codes
What
Set of laws designed to give whites authority over former slaves
Black Codes
When
1865
Black Codes
Where
South
Black Codes
Why
Prevented African Americans from obtaining social equality
Booker T. Washington
Who
Chief spokesman for black commitment to education
Booker T. Washington
What
Founded the Tuskegee Institute
Gave the speech “Atlanta Compromise”
Booker T. Washington
When
Speech in 1895
Booker T. Washington
Where
Alabama
Booker T. Washington
Why
Helped awaken the interest of a new generation to the possibilities of self advancement through self improvement
Carpetbaggers
Who
White men from the North who served as Republican leaders in the South
Carpetbaggers
What
Looked on the South as a new frontier
Carpetbaggers
When
Reconstruction era (1865-187)
Carpetbaggers
Where
South
Carpetbaggers
Why
Name conveyed an image of penniless adventures and resentment
Charles Sumner
Who
Senator of MA
Charles Sumner
What
Leader of the Radical Republicans
Charles Sumner
When
Reconstruction era (1865-1877)
Charles Sumner
Where
MA
Charles Sumner
Why
Advocated social equality for blacks
Compromise of 1877
Who
Hayes vs. Tilden
Compromise of 1877
What
Unwritten deal deciding the election between Hayes and Tilden
Compromise of 1877
When
1877
Compromise of 1877
Where
US
Compromise of 1877
Why
Pulled federal troops out of state politics in the south
Ended Reconstruction era
Crop lien system
Who
Poor whites and former slaves mainly
Crop lien system
What
System that allowed farmers to receive commodities on credit and pay this debt back after the crop was harvested and sold
Crop lien system
When
1860s (began)
Crop lien system
Where
South
Crop lien system
Why
Trapped in a cycle of debt
Enforcement Acts
Who
Republican Congress
Enforcement Acts
What
Laws the prohibited the states from discriminating against voters and gave the federal government right to intervene if states didn’t listen
Black equal protection
Enforcement Acts
When
1870 and 1871
Enforcement Acts
Where
US
Enforcement Acts
Why
First time the federal government had ever claimed the power to prosecute crimes by individuals under federal law
14 Amendment
Who
Congress
14 Amendment
What
Gave citizenship to blacks
14 Amendment
When
1866
14 Amendment
Where
US
14 Amendment
Why
Made the Bill of Rights apply to state governments
Freedmen Bureau
Who
Congress
Freedmen Bureau
What
Agency of the army that distributed food to former slaves and established schools
Freedmen Bureau
When
1865
Freedmen Bureau
Where
South
Freedmen Bureau
Why
Not a permanent solution
Hamilton Fish
Who
Secretary of State
Hamilton Fish
What
Forged an agreement, the Treaty of Washington, where Britain expressed regret over the Alabama incident
Hamilton Fish
When
1871
Hamilton Fish
Where
US + GB
Hamilton Fish
Why
Helped resolve the longstanding controversy with England
Ida B. Wells
Who
Black journalist
Ida B. Wells
What
Launched an international anti lynching movement
Ida B. Wells
When
1892
Ida B. Wells
Where
Began movement in TN
Ida B. Wells
Why
Movement gathered strength and raised awareness about lynching
Jim Crow Laws
Who
Targeted blacks
Jim Crow Laws
What
Racial segregation laws
Jim Crow Laws
When
Enacted between 1876 and mid 1900s
Jim Crow Laws
Where
US
Jim Crow Laws
Why
Limited blacks form social equality
KKK
Who
Targeted blacks
KKK
What
Organization that used intimation and violence to undermine Reconstruction
KKK
When
Late mid 1800s
KKK
Where
South
KKK
Why
Essentially served as a military force continuing the battle against the North
Panic of 1873
Who
Grant (president)
Panic of 1873
What
Economic crisis
Panic of 1873
When
1873
Panic of 1873
Where
US
Panic of 1873
Why
Undermined support for Reconstruction
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Who
Supreme Court
Plessy vs. Ferguson
What
Court held that separate accommodation did not deprive blacks of equal rights
Plessy vs. Ferguson
When
1896
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Where
US
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Why
Institutionalized the separation of races and formed the legal basis for the segregation of schools
Radical Republicans
Who
Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens
Radical Republicans
What
Demanded civil equality for blacks, punishment of Confederacy, and redistribution of property
Radical Republicans
When
Began in 1864
Radical Republicans
Where
US
Radical Republicans
Why
Helped blacks obtain a degree of equality
Redeemers
Who
White democrats
Redeemers
What
Restoration of “home rule”
Redeemers
When
Redeemed by 1877
Redeemers
Where
South
Redeemers
Why
The South then fell under the control of a powerful oligarchy known as the Bourbons
Scalawags
Who
Southern white Republicans
Scalawags
What
Supported Reconstruction
Scalawags
When
After Civil War (1865)
Scalawags
Where
South
Scalawags
Why
Pejorative term conveyed Southern resentment
Sharecropping
Who
Farmers
Sharecropping
What
System of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land
Sharecropping
When
Late mid 1800s
Sharecropping
Where
South
Sharecropping
Why
Former slaves became economically dependent on their landowner (like a master)
Thaddeus Stevens
Who
Leader of the Radical Republicans
Thaddeus Stevens
What
South to obtain equal rights for blacks
Thaddeus Stevens
When
1860s
Thaddeus Stevens
Where
US
Thaddeus Stevens
Why
Helped blacks obtain a degree of equality
Wade Davis Bill
Who
Radical Republicans
Wade Davis Bill
What
Bill proposed for the Reconstruction of the South
Wade Davis Bill
When
1864
Wade Davis Bill
Where
South
Wade Davis Bill
Why
Harsher than Lincoln’s Plan, and Lincoln ultimately disposed of it with a pocket veto
William Seward
Who
Ardent expansionist
William Seward
What
Secretary of State
William Seward
When
1867
William Seward
Where
Alaska
William Seward
Why
Purchased Alaska from the Russians and later annexed Hawaii
