Chapter 15: Aquatic Ecosystems

Question 0

What quality describes the marine aquatic growth conditions?

Answer 0

Oligotrophic

Question 1

What percent of the ocean’s biomass is microbial?

Answer 1

~98%

Question 2

What term means low nutrient growth conditions?

Answer 2

Oligotrophic

Question 3

What can high nutrient concentration in marine aquatic ecosystems cause?

Answer 3

Dead-zones

Question 4

What can result from microbes “blooming” and using up available oxygen in marine aquatic ecosystems?

Answer 4

Anoxic water states

Question 5

What does anoxic water states lead to?

Answer 5

Eukaryotic death

Question 6

What results in marine ecosystems from high nutrients?

Answer 6

Rapid microbial growth

Question 7

What results in marine ecosystems from rapid microbial growth?

Answer 7

Oxygen depletion

Question 8

What results in marine ecosystems from oxygen depletion?

Answer 8

Eukaryotic death

Question 9

Which marine aquatic zone is where primary production via phytoplankton in top levels occurs?

Answer 9

Photic zone

Question 10

Which marine aquatic zone is a place where carbon and energy are distributed through deeper levels by zooplankton (consumers) that feed on phytoplankton and viral-mediated lysis?

Answer 10

Dark mid-water zone

Question 11

What organism in a marine aquatic ecosystem can take up dissolved organic carbon and can be consumed by zooplankton and/or lysed by viruses?

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

Which marine aquatic zone can light penetrate?

Answer 12

Photic zone

Question 13

Which marine aquatic zone has 2-3 degree C temperatures?

Answer 13

Dark mid-water zone

Question 14

Which marine aquatic zone has high pressure?

Answer 14

Deep sea zone

Question 15

What organism in marine aquatic ecosystems acts as the decomposers?

Answer 15

Viruses

Question 16

What is the surface zone (photic zone) dominantly populated by?

Answer 16

Phytoplankton

Question 17

What depth can light not penetrate past in marine environments?

Answer 17

200 meters

Question 18

What helps release nutrients for heterotrophic microbes in the dark mid-water zone?

Answer 18

Viral lysis

Question 19

What is the average depth at the deep sea zone?

Answer 19

3500 meters

Question 20

What depth do deep sea zones extend to?

Answer 20

11,000 meters

Question 21

What type of organisms are prolific at the deepest sea zones?

Answer 21

Piezophiles

Question 22

What are the environmental conditions of a deep sea zone?

Answer 22

Cold, anoxic

Question 23

What percent of primary production reaches the seafloor?

Answer 23

~1%

Question 24

What exist in higher numbers than microbes in the oceans?

Answer 24

Viruses

Question 25

What dominates the photic zone areas?

Answer 25

Viruses

Question 26

What is a term used to describe the oceanic food web?

Answer 26

Microbial Loop

Question 27

What is the problem with using marine broth versus actual seawater for growth?

Answer 27

Media too rich

Question 28

What is the environment of upper level of freshwater aquatic ecosystems?

Answer 28

Warm, aerobic

Question 29

What is the environment of lower level of freshwater aquatic ecosystems?

Answer 29

Cold, anaerobic

Question 30

What layer is located in the middle of upper and lower level in freshwater ecosystems?

Answer 30

Thermocline

Question 31

Where does photosynthesis occur in freshwater aquatic ecosystems?

Answer 31

Everywhere

Question 32

What term describes the variance of microenvironments in freshwater at different depths?

Answer 32

Stratification

Question 33

What is the result of removing growth limitations in certain seasons in freshwater aquatic ecosystems?

Answer 33

Algal/cyanobacterial blooms