Chapter 15 Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Question 1

The thinking that leads young people to believe that everyone is watching them is called the _____ audience.

Answer 1

Imaginary

Question 2

The thought process that involves the use of one or more specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion is called _____ reasoning.

Answer 2

Inductive

Question 3

The textbook uses the term _____ thought to describe thinking that results from analysis, such as a systematic ranking of pros and cons, risks and consequences, possibilities and facts.

Answer 3

Analytic Thought

Question 4

Which concept BEST explains why teens engage in behavior they know puts them at risk?

Answer 4

Invincibility Fable

Question 5

_____ operational thought allows the adolescent to multiply unreal numbers.

Answer 5

Formal

Question 6

Lisa and Jennifer are 14. Both are sexually active. They laugh off the health and psychosocial risks of early sexual activity, believing that their behavior poses little danger. Lisa and Jennifer’s response to the risks of their behavior BEST illustrates:

Answer 6

Invincibility Fable

Question 7

Raul wonders, “What if a person lives forever? How would that affect his view on life?” This “what if” type of question reflects _____ thought.

Answer 7

Hypothetical

Question 8

Mrs. Steinway is a teacher, so she is MOST likely to prefer slower, more _____ thinking.

Answer 8

Analytic

Question 9

Which concept BEST explains why those under age 20 are MORE likely than those over 20 to volunteer for military service and have a desire to be sent into combat?

Answer 9

Invincibility Fable

Question 10

Harla concludes that because a four-legged furry animal wags its tail when it is happy and likes to fetch sticks, it must be a dog. This is an example of:

Answer 10

Inductive Reasoning

Question 11

As an adolescent, Mick may be MORE likely to begin smoking cigarettes because he may be MORE prone to making decisions based on:

Answer 11

Peer acceptance

Question 12

Laurel listens to her favorite singer because the singer cares about the same social issues she does. This rationale demonstrates that Laurel is making decisions using _____ thought.

Answer 12

Intuitive Thought

Question 13

Anita, who is 7 years old, is MOST likely to respond to the balance-a-scale task designed to test formal operational thought by:

Answer 13

putting the same weight on each arm.

Question 14

Roy is late for class and realizes that he left his cell phone at home. He needs to make a fast decision. He will most likely rely on _____ thought to help him make his decision.

Answer 14

intuitive

Question 15

In one elementary school curriculum, mathematical variables first appear in the sixth grade. Why are they NOT introduced in the fifth grade?

Answer 15

Children must be in the formal operational stage to handle hypothetical variables.

Question 16

Michael, who is 12 years old, believes that he is going to win the lottery because it is his destiny. Michael is experiencing:

Answer 16

the personal fable.

Question 17

The perfect selfie is important to 15-year-old Erica and her friends. They not only make sure their hair and makeup are perfect for each of the many selfies they post to their social media sites each week but also apply filters to further enhance the images and compete for the number of “likes” each image receives. The friends’ interest in selfies seems MOST reflective of:

Answer 17

adolescent egocentrism.