Chapter 14 Adolescence: Biosocial development

Question 1

Puberty

Answer 1

rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that end childhood

begins with cascade of hormones that produce external growth and internal changes

Question 2

Visible signs of puberty

Answer 2

around the ages of 9-15

Question 3

what are the observable signs for girls

Answer 3

nipple growth

Question 4

what is Menarche

Answer 4

a girl’s menstrual period

Question 5

what is Spermarche?

Answer 5

A boy’s first ejaculation of sperm

Question 6

Pituitary

Answer 6

a gland in the brain that responds to a signal from the hypothalamus by producing many hormones

Question 7

Adrenal glands

Answer 7

two glands, located above the kidneys, that respond to the pituitary, producing hormones

Question 8

Growth Sprout

Answer 8

The relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty

Question 9

Body image

Answer 9

A person’s idea of how his or her body looks

Question 10

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 10

an eating disorder characterized by self-starvation

Question 11

Bulima nervosa

Answer 11

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and subsequent purging

Question 12

binge eating disorder

Answer 12

frequent episodes of uncontrollable overeating to the point stomach hurts

Question 13

limbic system

Answer 13

The limbic system is the part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses, especially when it comes to behaviors we need for survival

Question 14

what is the difference between limbic system and prefrontal cortex

Answer 14

The prefrontal cortex operates slowly and is logical and precise, while the limbic system works fast and is dominated by emotion and impulse.

Question 15

what matures first the prefrontal cortex or the limbic system ?

Answer 15

the limbic system

Question 16

brain scans confirm that________________ is not fully developed until adulthood because the prefrontal cortex is limited in connections and engagement

Answer 16

emotional control

Question 17

Myelination

Answer 17

Myelination is important in establishing connectivity in the growing brain by facilitating rapid and synchronized information transfer across the nervous system,

Question 18

Increased__________& slower_________ make reactions lighting fast

Answer 18

myelination and inhibition

Question 19

about __/__ of the variation in age of puberty is________

Answer 19

2/3
genetic

Question 20

what occurs first for females: the female height spurt or menarche

Answer 20

the female height spurt

Question 21

what occurs first for males: the male height spurt or spermarche

Answer 21

spermarche

Question 22

children who have a relatively large proportion of __________ experience puberty sooner than do their thin contemporaries

Answer 22

body fat

Question 23

how does harsh parenting affect their children’s puberty

Answer 23

harsh parenting increases cortisol levels, which affects puberty thus increasing sexual risk

Question 24

early maturing girls tend to have…

Answer 24

lower self-esteem, more depression, and poor body image

Question 25

early maturing boys tend to be more…

Answer 25

aggressive and might abuse alcohol

Question 26

slow developing boys tend to be more_____

Answer 26

anxious

Question 27

the effects of early puberty vary not only by sex, but also by________ and _________

Answer 27

ethnicity and culture

Question 28

psychopathology

Answer 28

Psychopathology refers to the study of mental disorders in terms of their causes, development, course, classification, and treatment.

Question 29

hormonal increase may precipitate_________

Answer 29

psychopathology

Question 30

schizophrenia is twice more common in

Answer 30

men

Question 31

severe depression is twice more common in

Answer 31

females

Question 32

_________ of U.S high school girls are trying to lose weight
_________ think they are overweight and only _______ are overweight

Answer 32

2-3rds
1-3rd
1-6th

Question 33

Origins of disordered eating comes from

Answer 33

cultural image, stress, puberty, hormones, childhood patterns

Question 34

how can we reduce eating disorders

Answer 34

healthy eating in childhood